11 25 1555 https://s3.amazonaws.com/omeka-lplks/original/d77b3c82fd3b692fc633728b8881b0ab.wav 63145cfb866a4030e44d6465bf7af74b https://s3.amazonaws.com/omeka-lplks/original/fae8247a90d41ac3c2e976e47587eec6.wav dd6b5ccdcc046844685cdf6cf35f3802 https://s3.amazonaws.com/omeka-lplks/original/b3fe3478d48daf61256ce32128739a3a.wav 48396a27d5ddaef500b0346da51e60cc https://s3.amazonaws.com/omeka-lplks/original/020bd5c05ae6859211ba885987849e65.wav e133031eb984c8f69a8f4a006ce6458a Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Day After Subject The topic of the resource Day After (Motion Picture) Lawrence (Kan.) -- History Description An account of the resource The Day After, a made-for-TV movie depicting the aftermath of nuclear war, was set and filmed primarily in Lawrence, Kansas, and was broadcast for the first time on November 20, 1983. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Watkins Museum of History (Lawrence, Kan.) Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Interviewer The person(s) performing the interview McIntyre, Kaye Interviewee The person(s) being interviewed Patton, Eleanor Location The location of the interview Lawrence (Kan.) Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data WAV Duration Length of time involved (seconds, minutes, hours, days, class periods, etc.) EleanorPatton1.wav: 00:00:40 EleanorPatton2.wav: 00:01:14 EleanorPatton3.wav: 00:01:47 EleanorPatton4.wav: 00:01:20 Bit Rate/Frequency Rate at which bits are transferred (i.e. 96 kbit/s would be FM quality audio) 705 kbps Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Eleanor Patton The Day After Interview Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Patton, Eleanor McIntyre, Kaye Description An account of the resource Segments from an interview with Eleanor Patton conducted by Kaye McIntyre of Kansas Public Radio for a KPR special commemorating the thirty-year anniversary of the 1983 broadcast of The Day After, a made-for-TV movie depicting the aftermath of nuclear war, which was set and filmed primarily in Lawrence, Kansas. The KPR special aired on November 12, 2013. The interview was conducted at the Watkins Museum of History on June 28, 2012. Patton was an extra in the film. She says the filming “took the town by storm” and all Lawrence was abuzz about it. The props crew bought materials at local garage sales to create piles of debris. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Lawrence (Kan.) 1983 Date Created Date of creation of the resource. 2012-06-28 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource WAV (audio recording) Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context EleanorPatton1.wav EleanorPatton2.wav EleanorPatton3.wav EleanorPatton4.wav Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Watkins Museum of History (Lawrence, Kan.) Relation A related resource The <a href="https://www.watkinsmuseum.org/">Watkins Museum of History</a> also holds items related to this collection. To listen to the Kansas Public Radio special that includes this interview, go to <a href="https://kansaspublicradio.org/show/programs-kpr-presents/2013-11-12/kpr-news-day-after-thirty-years-later">https://kansaspublicradio.org/show/programs-kpr-presents/2013-11-12/kpr-news-day-after-thirty-years-later</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Published with the permission of Eleanor Patton. This work is the intellectual property of the Watkins Museum of History, Lawrence, Kansas. The public may freely copy, modify, and share this Item for noncommercial purposes if they include the original source information. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s). Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived "The Day After": Thirty Years Later (KPR Presents) Subject The topic of the resource Day After (Motion Picture) Lawrence (Kan.) -- History Nuclear war Nuclear weapons Kansas Public Radio (Lawrence, Kan.) Type The nature or genre of the resource Oral History Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Kansas Veterans of World War II Oral History Project / Lawrence Remembers the World War II Years Project Subject The topic of the resource Douglas County (Kan.) World War, 1939-1945. Veterans. Lawrence Public Library (Lawrence, Kan.) Language A language of the resource English Description An account of the resource In 2003, the Lawrence Public Library partnered with the Dole Institute of Politics and Haskell University to capture the histories of Douglas County’s World War II veterans in the Lawrence Remembers the World War II Years Project. From 2005 to 2007, the Lawrence Public Library, the Watkins Museum of History, and the Kansas State Historical Society also embarked on a similar endeavor, the Kansas Veterans of World War II Oral History Project, which was funded by the Kansas State Legislature. This collection contains many of the video recordings and more information about the interviews conducted for these projects. Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Interviewer The person(s) performing the interview Johnston, Pattie Interviewee The person(s) being interviewed Holmer, Elizabeth Location The location of the interview Lawrence (Kan.) Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data VHS Duration Length of time involved (seconds, minutes, hours, days, class periods, etc.) 0:57:03 Bit Rate/Frequency Rate at which bits are transferred (i.e. 96 kbit/s would be FM quality audio) 317 kit/s (audio) 6421 kbit/s (video) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Elizabeth K. Holmer World War II Interview Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Holmer, Elizabeth K. Description An account of the resource Elizabeth “Betty” Holmer worked at Sunflower Ordnance Works during the Second World War. Interviewed by Pattie Johnston on July 19, 2003, as part of the Lawrence Remembers: The World War II Years Project, Holmer talked about life in Lawrence, Kansas during the war. Holmer was born and raised in Lawrence. She attended Lawrence Memorial High School and the University of Kansas. Prior to working at Sunflower, she worked as a social worker in Johnson and Douglas counties. Holmer’s husband, Robert, served in the South Pacific during the war. Holmer passed away on December 12, 2009. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Johnston, Pattie Kansas State Historical Society Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Lawrence (Kan.) 1940 - 1945 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2003-07-19 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource MP4 Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Holmer Interview Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Lawrence Public Library (Lawrence, Kan.) Relation A related resource To access the video recording of this oral history, go to: <a href="https://archive.org/details/holmer-interview">https://archive.org/details/holmer-interview</a> Obituary: <a href="https://www.legacy.com/obituaries/name/betty-holmer-obituary?pid=137263020">https://www.legacy.com/obituaries/name/betty-holmer-obituary?pid=137263020</a> The Watkins Museum of History also holds items related to this collection. Other resources for interviews with World War II veterans are available through the Library of Congress' Veterans History Project: <a href="https://www.loc.gov/vets/vets-home.html">https://www.loc.gov/vets/vets-home.htm</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource The original copy of this video is available through the Lawrence Public Library. The Watkins Museum of History and the Kansas State Historical Society may also have interviews associated with this project. Researchers are responsible for obtaining any necessary permissions for uses other than educational or scholarly research. Contact the Watkins Museum of History for additional information: <a href="https://www.watkinsmuseum.org/">https://www.watkinsmuseum.org/</a> Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Kansas Veterans of World War II Oral History Project / Lawrence Remembers: The World War II Years Project Subject The topic of the resource World War, 1939-1945 -- United States. World War, 1939-1945 -- Women -- United States. Lawrence (Kan.) -- Oral history. Lawrence (Kan.) -- History. Kansas -- History. Type The nature or genre of the resource Oral History https://s3.amazonaws.com/omeka-lplks/original/bdb988467f42adee15318a1164c1aba6.wav 9202e9ad879fbe5b5c13070f26a452b4 https://s3.amazonaws.com/omeka-lplks/original/a4894fbb59f77e34d242ae453a5141c7.wav 890da2598ea9f8a33b80ec827ae74515 https://s3.amazonaws.com/omeka-lplks/original/8f9afb68a2a49bd7c13f9db5975da32c.wav 4dfe0a7339c16f8ab305f75417f6c9ed https://s3.amazonaws.com/omeka-lplks/original/32fa9c68b40d214a58c72a277c8f2641.wav 15d3f6ee8ea483ae3d9506cbdeac67b8 https://s3.amazonaws.com/omeka-lplks/original/33ac0ce264e029a717c01f166a7d235c.wav cca0186f96e1f481f31894d8cb166c01 https://s3.amazonaws.com/omeka-lplks/original/b569eb0dcb43eee2c3aa681bb14a0839.wav 1e82b33903a15e58d3ca004895e1fd21 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Day After Subject The topic of the resource Day After (Motion Picture) Lawrence (Kan.) -- History Description An account of the resource The Day After, a made-for-TV movie depicting the aftermath of nuclear war, was set and filmed primarily in Lawrence, Kansas, and was broadcast for the first time on November 20, 1983. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Watkins Museum of History (Lawrence, Kan.) Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Interviewer The person(s) performing the interview McIntyre, Kaye Interviewee The person(s) being interviewed Anthony, Ellen Location The location of the interview Lawrence (Kan.) Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data WAV Duration Length of time involved (seconds, minutes, hours, days, class periods, etc.) EllenAnthony5.wav: 00:00:50 EllenAnthony6.wav: 00:00:53 EllenAnthony7.wav: 00:04:06 EllenAnthony8.wav: 00:00:42 EllenAnthony9.wav: 00:01:46 EllenAnthony10.wav: 00:04:04 Bit Rate/Frequency Rate at which bits are transferred (i.e. 96 kbit/s would be FM quality audio) 705 kbps Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Ellen Anthony The Day After Interview Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Anthony, Ellen McIntyre, Kaye Description An account of the resource Segments from an interview with Ellen Anthony conducted by Kaye McIntyre of Kansas Public Radio for a KPR special commemorating the thirty-year anniversary of the 1983 broadcast of The Day After, a made-for-TV movie depicting the aftermath of nuclear war, which was set and filmed primarily in Lawrence, Kansas. The KPR special aired on November 12, 2013. The interview was conducted at the Watkins Museum of History on June 28, 2012. Anthony played a 10-year-old farmgirl in the film. She discusses President Reagan’s reaction to the film and how it changed his Cold War policies. She also describes the long but exciting processes of auditioning and filming for her as a young girl. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Lawrence (Kan.) 1983 Date Created Date of creation of the resource. 2012-06-28 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource WAV (audio recording) Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context EllenAnthony5.wav EllenAnthony6.wav EllenAnthony7.wav EllenAnthony8.wav EllenAnthony9.wav EllenAnthony10.wav Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Watkins Museum of History (Lawrence, Kan.) Relation A related resource The <a href="https://www.watkinsmuseum.org/">Watkins Museum of History</a> also holds items related to this collection. To listen to the Kansas Public Radio special that includes this interview, go to <a href="https://kansaspublicradio.org/show/programs-kpr-presents/2013-11-12/kpr-news-day-after-thirty-years-later">https://kansaspublicradio.org/show/programs-kpr-presents/2013-11-12/kpr-news-day-after-thirty-years-later</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Published with the permission of Ellen Anthony. This work is the intellectual property of the Watkins Museum of History, Lawrence, Kansas. The public may freely copy, modify, and share this Item for noncommercial purposes if they include the original source information. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s). Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived "The Day After": Thirty Years Later (KPR Presents) Subject The topic of the resource Day After (Motion Picture) Lawrence (Kan.) -- History Nuclear war Nuclear weapons Kansas Public Radio (Lawrence, Kan.) Type The nature or genre of the resource Oral History Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Kansas Veterans of World War II Oral History Project / Lawrence Remembers the World War II Years Project Subject The topic of the resource Douglas County (Kan.) World War, 1939-1945. Veterans. Lawrence Public Library (Lawrence, Kan.) Language A language of the resource English Description An account of the resource In 2003, the Lawrence Public Library partnered with the Dole Institute of Politics and Haskell University to capture the histories of Douglas County’s World War II veterans in the Lawrence Remembers the World War II Years Project. From 2005 to 2007, the Lawrence Public Library, the Watkins Museum of History, and the Kansas State Historical Society also embarked on a similar endeavor, the Kansas Veterans of World War II Oral History Project, which was funded by the Kansas State Legislature. This collection contains many of the video recordings and more information about the interviews conducted for these projects. Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Interviewer The person(s) performing the interview Johnston, Pattie Interviewee The person(s) being interviewed Hayden, Ellis R. Location The location of the interview Douglas County (Kan.) Transcription Any written text transcribed from a sound <a href="https://www.kansasmemory.org/item/218564">https://www.kansasmemory.org/item/218564</a> Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data VHS Duration Length of time involved (seconds, minutes, hours, days, class periods, etc.) 0:59:00 Bit Rate/Frequency Rate at which bits are transferred (i.e. 96 kbit/s would be FM quality audio) 221 kbit/s (audio) 2471 kbit/s (video) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Ellis Hayden World War II Interview Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Hayden, Ellis Description An account of the resource Ellis Ralph Hayden served in the United States Navy from 1942 to 1945. Interviewed by Pattie Johnston on June 21, 2007, Hayden talked about his experiences during the Second World War. Hayden was born on February 4, 1924, in Ottawa, Kansas. He graduated from Liberty Memorial High School in 1942 and joined the Navy. Hayden went to basic training in Farragut, Idaho. He then attended machinist's mate school at the University of Kansas. Once assigned to a ship, the USS Kailua, he became a baker. He served throughout the South Pacific. After he was discharged, he returned to Lawrence, Kansas. Hayden passed away on May 29, 2019. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Johnston, Pattie Kansas State Historical Society Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant South Pacific 1942 - 1945 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2007-06-21 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource MP4 Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Hayden_Ellis R. WWII Interview (6.21.07) Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Lawrence Public Library (Lawrence, Kan.) Relation A related resource To access the video recording of this oral history, go to: <a href="https://archive.org/details/hayden-ellis-r.-wwii-interview-6.21.07">https://archive.org/details/hayden-ellis-r.-wwii-interview-6.21.07</a> Obituary: <a href="https://www2.ljworld.com/life-events/obituaries/2010/may/31/ellis-hayden/">https://www2.ljworld.com/life-events/obituaries/2010/may/31/ellis-hayden/</a> The Watkins Museum of History also holds items related to this collection. Transcripts for this project are available through the Kansas Memory Digital Collection: <a href="https://www.kansasmemory.org/item/218564">https://www.kansasmemory.org/item/218564</a> Other resources for interviews with World War II veterans are available through the Library of Congress' Veterans History Project: <a href="https://www.loc.gov/vets/vets-home.html">https://www.loc.gov/vets/vets-home.htm</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource The original copy of this video is available through the Lawrence Public Library. The Watkins Museum of History and the Kansas State Historical Society also have interviews associated with this project, which was funded through a grant program passed by the Kansas State Legislature in 2005. Researchers are responsible for obtaining any necessary permissions for uses other than educational or scholarly research. Contact the Watkins Museum of History for additional information: <a href="https://www.watkinsmuseum.org/">https://www.watkinsmuseum.org/</a> Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Kansas Veterans of World War II Oral History Project / Lawrence Remembers: The World War II Years Project Subject The topic of the resource World War, 1939-1945 -- United States. United States -- History, Military. World War, 1939-1945 -- Veterans -- Interviews. United States. Navy -- History. Kansas -- History. Lawrence (Kan.) -- Oral history. Type The nature or genre of the resource Oral History Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Kansas Veterans of World War II Oral History Project / Lawrence Remembers the World War II Years Project Subject The topic of the resource Douglas County (Kan.) World War, 1939-1945. Veterans. Lawrence Public Library (Lawrence, Kan.) Language A language of the resource English Description An account of the resource In 2003, the Lawrence Public Library partnered with the Dole Institute of Politics and Haskell University to capture the histories of Douglas County’s World War II veterans in the Lawrence Remembers the World War II Years Project. From 2005 to 2007, the Lawrence Public Library, the Watkins Museum of History, and the Kansas State Historical Society also embarked on a similar endeavor, the Kansas Veterans of World War II Oral History Project, which was funded by the Kansas State Legislature. This collection contains many of the video recordings and more information about the interviews conducted for these projects. Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Interviewer The person(s) performing the interview Johnston, Pattie Interviewee The person(s) being interviewed Lindell, Elmer Location The location of the interview Lawrence (Kan.) Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data VHS Duration Length of time involved (seconds, minutes, hours, days, class periods, etc.) 2:00:05 1:23:22 Bit Rate/Frequency Rate at which bits are transferred (i.e. 96 kbit/s would be FM quality audio) 127 kbit/s (audio) 127 kbit/s (audio) 1626 kbit/s (video) 1626 kbit/s (video) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Elmer Lindell World War II Interview Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Lindell, Elmer Description An account of the resource Elmer Earl Lindell was a Combat Engineer in the United States Army during the Second World War. Interviewed by Pattie Johnston on January 19, 2007, Lindell talked about his military experiences. Lindell was born in Douglas County, Kansas on January 23, 1922. He graduated high school in 1941 and was drafted into the Army in October 1942. Lindell took part in invasions of Leyte, Philippines and Okinawa, Japan. He was discharged on January 12, 1946. He passed away on June 13, 2014. This is a two-part interview. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Johnston, Pattie Kansas State Historical Society Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Leyte (Philippines) Okinawa Island (Japan) 1941 - 1946 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2007-01-19 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource MP4 Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Lindell_Elmer WWII Interview [1] Lindell_Elmer WWII Interview 2 Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Lawrence Public Library (Lawrence, Kan.) Relation A related resource To access the video recording of this oral history, go to: <a href="https://archive.org/details/lindell-elmer-wwii-interview-1">https://archive.org/details/lindell-elmer-wwii-interview-1</a> Obituary: <a href="https://obituaries.ljworld.com/obituaries/ljworld/obituary.aspx?n=elmer-earl-lindell&amp;pid=171357635&amp;fhid=24989">https://obituaries.ljworld.com/obituaries/ljworld/obituary.aspx?n=elmer-earl-lindell&amp;pid=171357635&amp;fhid=24989</a> The Watkins Museum of History also holds items related to this collection. Other resources for interviews with World War II veterans are available through the Library of Congress' Veterans History Project: <a href="https://www.loc.gov/vets/vets-home.html">https://www.loc.gov/vets/vets-home.htm</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource The original copy of this video is available through the Lawrence Public Library. The Watkins Museum of History and the Kansas State Historical Society also have interviews associated with this project, which was funded through a grant program passed by the Kansas State Legislature in 2005. Researchers are responsible for obtaining any necessary permissions for uses other than educational or scholarly research. Contact the Watkins Museum of History for additional information: <a href="https://www.watkinsmuseum.org/">https://www.watkinsmuseum.org/</a> Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Kansas Veterans of World War II Oral History Project / Lawrence Remembers: The World War II Years Project Subject The topic of the resource World War, 1939-1945 -- United States. United States -- History, Military. Lawrence (Kan.) -- Oral history. World War, 1939-1945 -- Veterans -- Interviews. United States. Army. World War, 1939-1945 -- Pacific Area. Type The nature or genre of the resource Oral History https://s3.amazonaws.com/omeka-lplks/original/57dccd2de031c8dbaff9541481cbd8c7.pdf e83bf7d7ecb1cd4dc80b20a37664d7e1 PDF Text Text Tape 26: Interview with Erminia (Ermie) Gauna and Kitty Pacheco Interviewer: Helen Krische Date of Interview: 2006 Length of Interview: 52:01 Location of Interview: St. John the Evangelist Catholic Church Transcription Completion Date: 2021 Transcriptionist: Emily Raymond Helen Krische (Interviewer): I’m gonna ask you a little bit about, um, your parents and, um, when they first came here, do you know a lot of information about that? Kitty Pacheco (Interviewee): Did you get any of those dates? What dates did you come up with? Erminia Gauna (Interviewee): Oh, just the dates of [murmurs] – KP: Oh, when they were born – EG: And died. Let’s see, well, Daddy was…let’s see, Daddy was, um, born in 1882. HK: Okay. EG: And he died in 1953. Then Mama came – was, uh, when she came, she was 18. In 1891. HK: Oh, okay. EG: And she died in ‘51. Those are the ones that I had in the Bible. KP: But do you remember when they were – when they came here to the United States? EG: Well, they came and – to the – uh, he worked on the railroad in Ottawa, ‘cause that’s where Paulita was born. KP: Okay. EG: Our sister, Paulita. KP: So, the one – the blind girl. HK: Mm-hmm. KP: So, she died in 1934, I think. Way back. EG: She died in ‘41. KP: Oh, ‘41? Okay. �EG: ‘Cause I remember we were in grade school [murmurs]. She was older, so she would have been, she was still living – well, she was born in Ottawa. So that’s when he was working, Dad was working on the railroad. KP: That’s when they first came. EG: And then they – yeah, that’s when they first came into Ottawa. And, uh – no, I take it back, ‘cause – ‘cause he went to – KP: They were in Michigan at one time. EG: Michigan, where Harry was born. KP: Okay. EG: And then – KP: Then came back to Lawrence. EG: No – no, see, Paulita was first [murmurs] was the very first. KP: No, Paulita was first and then Harry. EG: And then, Harry, yeah. KP: And then – EG: Well, they must have been in Michigan after they went to Ottawa. And then they came to Lawrence. KP: That’s correct. EG: ‘Cause they had this [unintelligible]. HK: Mm-hmm. EG: They came from Mexico, and then Ottawa, as far as I knew. And then they went to work. KP: In Michigan – EG: For some reason, his job took him to Michigan. And, uh, then that’s when Harry was born. And then they came back to Lawrence, and then we were born. KP: We were born in North Lawrence. EG: She just found out the other day that we were Sandgrass. �KP: Sandgrass. I didn’t even know it [laughter]. Do you know about that organization? HK: Yes. KP: I would like to – HK: Organization? I didn’t know there was an organization. KP: Yeah, there’s an organization. A – a lady friend of mine, Vivian Commons, we work at the church; we were working at a funeral dinner last week. HK: Mm-hmm. KP: And we were talking about it, and she says: “Are you gonna go to the – ” or, she said: “Did you know about the Sand – uh, Sandgrass Reunion?” And I said: “What’s the Sandgrass?” And she says: “Oh, that’s for us people that were born in North Lawrence.” I said: “Well, I was born in North Lawrence.” And she says: “You were?” And we were born on the same block. HK: Oh, my gosh. KP: On Lyons. EG: I can’t believe that. KP: Vivian Commons. EG: I can’t believe that. KP: I always thought that was so funny, ‘cause we’ve known Vivian for years. Her – ah – her daughter was married to her son. HK: Oh. KP: To Vivian’s son. So we, you know, we’ve just known her for many years. Well [laughs], and then she was telling me that in June the 3rd, they have a reunion in North Lawrence at – at the, um, what school? Lincoln? EG: Lincoln. KP: Lincoln. EG: Well, it’s not Lincoln anymore. �KP: The one that’s – HK: Ballards? EG: Ballards. KP: The one that’s in Woodlawn, in North Lawrence. Woodlawn. And she said they have this reunion every year, and it’ll be June the 3rd and she says people come from all over – HK: I’ll be darned. KP: And so, I planned to go, but, uh, she’s gonna give me some – some times and all that. Because that’s the same day I’ve gotta be a hostess in Ottawa at the apartments [murmurs]. HK: So, do you have any idea, so when your parents first came to Lawrence, do you know what year that was, or…? KP: Well, it had to be before she was born. And you were born in ‘20…um… EG: I was born in ‘27. KP: You were born in ‘27. So they got here around ‘25 or ‘26 because Harry was born in ‘24. EG: Yeah. KP: And he was born in Michigan. EG: Yeah. KP: And you were born in, let’s see, in ‘27, so it had to be in the middle there. HK: And Paulita was born… KP: Well, she would have been born way before Harry, so… EG: ‘Cause when she died she was 21 years old. KP: Yeah. She had two children. She was – she was blind, and she married an older gentleman, and he, um, had grown children. But she – they had two little children, a boy and a girl. And then she died, and my mother took in the little girl and her – one of the older children of her husband. Took the boy in Wichita, so they got separated, the two kids. HK: Mm-hmm. �KP: She was – when she died, she was very young. She died right after the little boy was born. ‘Cause Cecil was first and then Harry. So that would have been in – between ‘24 and ‘27. So I would say about ‘25, ‘cause I know Harry always talked about coming as a baby, so… HK: Okay. KP: It had to be in between there and when they came back to Lawrence. EG: I know we’ve been here all the time. KP: And then we were, of course, born here, so we didn’t know of any other – HK: Uh-huh. Do you know what region of Mexico they were from? EG: Let’s see, Daddy was from [murmurs]. Daddy was from Durango. HK: Okay. EG: And Mama was from, uh, [Place Name]. KP: [Valles?]. Wasn’t she from Valles? EG: No. KP: ‘Cause I remember – EG: That was her – KP: I know that was her maiden name, but I thought that was a state or something. EG: No. She was from [Place Name]. It’s in the Bible, I think. KP: It’s in the Bible, okay, so… EG: [Place Name]. KP: Alright. EG: [Place Name]. KP: Okay. See, I don’t know if [murmurs] – EG: And, uh, Daddy was from Durango, so… HK: Okay. �KP: When Daddy came here, he was a young man in the army in Mexico. And he actually was upset with the Catholic Church. So, he just decided that he was gonna leave Mexico and leave the church and came here and became a Baptist. HK: Okay. KP: So that’s all we know, is Baptist, because that’s what we were born. EG: [Murmurs] the First Baptist Church of Lawrence. What was it? KP: That one they destroyed. It’s gone now. HK: Ah, okay. KP: Was it on 9th and Kentucky, or…? I don’t remember. EG: One-way street – KP: There was a – there was an old Baptist Church and had the big white pillars. EG: Well, let’s see, the Round Corner was up here, and – and…church was down the street. KP: So that would be 10th. EG: 10th? I always thought it was 9th. It was a Baptist church right on the corner. HK: That would be 8th, I think. KP: Was it 8th? HK: 8th or 7th, probably 8th. EG: It’s gotta be there. HK: I think it’s 8th. KP: Mm-hmm. HK: Yeah. KP: Maybe that parking lot. There’s a parking lot there. EG: Yeah. Because I remember we used to walk from, we lived at 801 Pennsylvania. And we used to walk to church all the time, so…It wasn’t very far. At least we didn’t think so; we were young. �KP: We didn’t – it wasn’t far for us. HK: Did your dad speak, uh, any English at all when he came? KP: No, not when he came. No. I don’t think. I don’t know for sure, but I don’t think so. Maybe a few words, but – HK: Uh-huh. KP: He learned English, he more or less taught himself. [EG murmurs] Because he spoke pretty well, with quite of an accent, but he spoke pretty well. Now Mother understood completely, she understood well, because she couldn’t speak and say anything in English, not expect her to know what you were saying, so…But she had a hard speaking the language. HK: Mm-hmm. KP: She would say a few words – EG: I think she just didn’t want to. KP: I don’t think she wanted to, right. EG: ‘Cause I remember when we went to enroll in school, uh, Fanny Torres was one of the – the young ladies in our neighborhood there. She was a young lady. And – KP: Served as an interpreter. EG: Served as an interpreter for all of the – all of the Mexican people. HK: Hmm. EG: And that’s when she enrolled us in school. She enrolled you as Elizabeth. KP: She put my name down as Elizabeth – she translated my name to Elizabeth from Felicitas. That’s quite a translation, but she did. And, uh, we – we got rid of that right away. EG: And then she put mine as H-e-r-m-i-n-i-a. And my – KP: Her-minia. EG: Yeah, like Herminia. Or Mina or something like that. And, uh, of course it was wrong, and Mom got home, see, she couldn’t – she could not speak, but she noticed that right now. She said: “That is not right. That is not…” So she grabbed me by the hand and we go back to the school. Change the name. KP: You tell ‘em, that’s wrong. Change the names. �EG: And then when she seen hers, Elizabeth’s [murmurs], for Kitty. HK: Uh-huh. EG: Felicitas [murmurs]. And she said: “Oh, no, no, no.” She was getting really angry ‘cause that was wrong, see? HK: Uh-huh. EG: So she paid attention to stuff like that. KP: And she, of course, could read and write. And she could read Spanish because she taught Spanish when she was a young girl. HK: Oh. KP: She taught Spanish. In fact, she had little books and she tried to teach us. Well, I learned something, but Ermie just refused. [HK laughs] She was rebellious. EG: But I – I learned a lot. KP: Yeah, later on. But she – but she had these little books like See Jane [EG murmurs], See Jane Walk or See Jane Run and all those little books, well, they were in Spanish too. HK: Oh. KP: And she had some of those, I wish I had ‘em, those little books. But, um, I do have some of Daddy’s, uh, Spanish hymnals, ‘cause we used to sing, you know, songs. HK: Mm-hmm. KP: Hymns. EG: I’ve got some of them, of Daddy’s. But then when they stole the trunk, Daddy’s trunk – KP: Oh, that’s when we lost those little books. EG: Everything was in there. KP: Somebody stole the – we went to Daddy’s funeral when he died. HK: Mm-hmm. KP: Uh, we lived on New York Street and Daddy was living with us after Mother died. And, uh, we all went to the funeral, that’s when you didn’t lock the doors. �HK: Yeah. KP: And he had his room in the basement. He had a room fixed up with a shower. And we came home and I didn’t even go down there, you know, when your daddy dies, we were so close to him and – I didn’t even go down there, I don’t think, for days. And somehow, I went down there and realized all his stuff was gone. So, somebody had come in while we were at the funeral. EG: And why they would just target his things – KP: Yeah. EG: I don’t understand that. KP: Just his things. So, we – we kind of had a suspicious of who it might have been, but you can’t just go accuse anybody and I always thought maybe some day it would come up in a garage sale, or, you know, ‘cause that trunk had – it had the little serapes, see Daddy was a – was a – came from an Indian tribe. [Tribal name] Indian tribe in Mexico, up in the mountains. And when he was born, they evidently couldn’t take care of him; they brought him down to this family and their name was Garcia. That’s how we ended up with the name Garcia. HK: Oh, okay. EG: That’s why his middle name is Estrada. KP: So his name, middle name is Estrada – Angel – and they just had Angel on there. Later on, I guess they… EG: Well, but…afterwards he always signed it Estrada. KP: I know, but I wonder where that came from. I don’t know where that came from. But the story was that he – they left him in this little serape. And that little serape was in that trunk. So that would have been – EG: And so was our grandpa’s, uh, Daddy’s – or Mom’s dad’s – little outfit that he wore. [Murmurs] They were in there also. KP: They were in that trunk and – and those things were gone. And I – I truly always had this suspicion of Eddie. EG: No, I thought it was Teresa. KP: Teresa. So, see, you wonder where that would be – who that would be handed down to. EG: Wasn’t even where it ended up at. And it had his Bibles. �KP: And his Victrola. HK: Hmm. KP: He had this old big Victrola. See, when we were little we learned, um, the music that he enjoyed was waltzes, Sousa, and – and, uh, classical music. He loved classical music. He had all these records in this little – and all that was taken. EG: That record, you know, the big fat one – HK: Mm-hmm. KP: They were real, uh, Paul Whiteman orchestra. I remember some of those. And some of the waltzes. Strauss. And – EG: Very, very little Mexican music. KP: I don’t even know if I remember him having any. EG: He had this [unintelligible] Chihuahua that Mom used to dance to. KP: Well, that was a musical. EG: Yeah. KP: None – none of these, uh, what you consider Mexican songs. HK: Mm-hmm. KP: He never had any of those. But it was just music and mostly – mostly classical. And, uh, a lot of waltzes. EG: Mom would get around in – in our little house and she’d dance, and Daddy would say: “Mija loca.” You know – KP: Crazy woman. [HK laughs] EG: ‘Cause he never, I don’t think, I never even seen him tapping his foot at anything. KP: No, no. EG: He just sat and listened and listened. But he, I never seen him tap his foot or anything. KP: But he made noises. I remember sitting on his lap, when he made the noises of different instruments. �HK: Uh-huh. KP: And entertained me that way. HK: Huh. KP: All these different instruments, he’d name them and say: “This is what this sounds like,” and then he’d make all these noises for me. He did that. EG: I never seen him tap his foot or anything. KP: No, no. Not – not act like he wanted to dance or anything. But Mother did. She danced with those little cas – HK: Castanets. KP: Castanets, and she would dance. EG: She had this full skirt, I remember, seeing her dance around in it. KP: In fact, we went to a party, I remember, one time at the Nunez house. I remember going to a party there at the Nunezes. With what’s his name? What was his name, Pablo?…Pablo’s parents. I don’t remember. EG: Oh, Soledad. KP: Soledad. We went to their house, and I remember we had food, and then there was dancing and Mama was out there dancing with those things. EG: That’s the only time I ever seen her out in public. KP: She was performing for everybody. Yeah, I remember that. And – and we were just in grade school. So she had to be in her – she died when she was 60 and I was 23. So, let’s see, she was – she was in her what, forties? She was – EG: Actually, she was young, but to us she looked old all the time. KP: Yeah, well, to us. HK: Yeah. KP: You know, the kids. In fact, kids at school thought she was our grandma. HK: Oh, really? KP: Well, see, we were – �EG: She wore her hair real severe. Well, you know, a little back like that and a little knot back there. KP: But she was older than all the other mothers. The mothers took the kids that we went to school with. She seemed older. EG: Well, yeah. Well, to us she seemed. She probably wasn’t really, because – KP: Well, she was what – 39, I think, when I was born. EG: She was only 60 when she died. KP: Yeah. EG: She was only 60 when she passed, so she couldn’t have been – KP: That’s true. Yeah, she was. EG: The way she dressed, I guess, and the way she kept herself, she just – KP: When she was little, real little. HK: What – which of the railroads did your father work for? Was it the Santa Fe? KP: Santa Fe. EG: No. KP: Wasn’t it Santa Fe? EG: No, uh, Rock Island. KP: Oh, I didn’t know that. I don’t remember him working on the railroad, but I guess he didn’t after we were born. EG: He did. KP: He did? EG: Uh-huh. When we lived in North Lawrence. KP: In North Lawrence? I just remembered the – the big garden. EG: Yeah. �KP: He had a big garden, ‘cause we lived in North Lawrence with a big yard. HK: Uh-huh. KP: He had this huge garden and – and I’d go with him in his little wagon and we’d sell cabbages and all that stuff. I remember that. EG: I never went. KP: She wouldn’t go, ‘cause I was [HK laughs]. I used to go with him. He carted me around in his wagon. And he sold, um, vegetables. And he worked for the WPA. HK: Oh, really? KP: You know, the WPA that was here? HK: Mm-hmm. KP: Well, I remember they’d come in a truck and pick him up early in the morning, there on 801 Pennsylvania, where we lived there, on the corner. And they would, ‘cause the men would gather at that corner, and there was the Chavezes and, uh…Jimenez, I guess. Martinez. And – and Daddy. And they all would come to the corner and – and they’d pick ‘em up there. And his mom would fix him a lunch and he would keep on all day long and they went to Lone Star, and they built all those, that dam and they built, um, those big tables and picnic tables type things. HK: Mm-hmm. KP: They worked there. At Lone Star. And for pay, he didn’t get paid, but he got this money order type thing. EG: One of those scrip – Script? KP: They called them money orders at that time. EG: I didn’t know that. KP: ‘Cause that’s what he called them, money orders. And then we would take it to Lippman’s Shoe Store, and we’d get our shoes, and this was in September. HK: Uh-huh. KP: But every month he’d get a – a money order that he could take to the grocery store, which was Carter’s, right there by where we used to live, it was about three – what is that on 8th and New Jersey? EG: [Murmurs] New York. �KP: 8th and New York, that used to be a Carter’s grocery store. HK: Hmm. KP: And we used to take that money order – EG: They called them Mexican [murmurs]. KP: And then we would, and that money order lasted you for a month. You just left it there, you’d order, you’d buy stuff and they’d just keep a mark of it somehow. HK: Kind of like a debit card. KP: Mm-hmm. Mm-hmm. HK: Just keep taking. KP: Yeah, so that’s how he got paid for his working in the – at Lone Star. HK: Oh. KP: But they never saw money. No, that was the WPA. But besides that, of course he always had a big garden. Always. Our backyard was just garden [laughs] I remember there was a little path to go to the outhouse, out by the alley. HK: Mm-hmm. KP: But other than that, it was garden. Well, Mother had flowers, so she had a lot of flowers for the front part. EG: The front was her part. KP: But all the back was – was, it was just a path to go through the garden. EG: Over there on [murmurs], on Pennsylvania Street. KP: On Pennsylvania. 801 Pennsylvania HK: So – so he basically made a living, like, selling fruits and – or, vegetables in the summer? KP: And – HK: And working on the WPA. KP: And working on the WPA. �EG: And we picked potatoes. KP: And then we picked potatoes when we were little. HK: Was that for the Heck – Heck farms? KP: For Heck and Shoskey. Shoskey, what was the other family? I wanna say Shoskey. [EG murmurs] Yeah, we picked for them, too, but Heck was most of it – Heck and his son, ‘cause it was father and son, they both had farms. EG: And they used to come pick us up, too. KP: And they’d come in a big truck and pick us up. EG: The whole neighborhood would go pick potatoes [laughs]. So that was a summer job. KP: Yeah. HK: Yeah. KP: Little later than that, I remember the – the troops going through there with the big trucks, all those German soldiers – HK: From the POW camp. KP: When they were staying at the concentration camp here, POW camp, and they would come by our house there in this big truck with the wooden sides, and they’d be standing up, and they’d be singing German songs. And I used to think that was so neat. They were real, they seemed real happy. HK: Uh-huh. KP: And I dated one of the soldiers that worked, that was in the Army, that was one of their guards. HK: Uh-huh. KP: And he would bring me those big fat sandwiches of ham on this homemade-type bread. HK: Mm-hmm. KP: And he said [murmurs] “They eat awful good there.” And so they were eating good, ‘cause I ate some of that ham and it was good [laughs]. He used to bring me a sandwich of it. But…those, the – the soldiers, they lived good. �HK: Did you grow up at home speaking both Spanish and English? KP: And English, yes. Well, we spoke, of course, Spanish when we were born, from our parents. But we went into school, kindergarten, and you’re just nothing but English. HK: Mm-hmm. KP: So, we considered that our first language because that’s what we learned, English at school, and then the Spanish just kind of faded out, because, you know, we spoke with Daddy and of course we spoke it with each other all the time. HK: Yeah. Did you, were you punished at all at school if you spoke Spanish, or…? KP: Oh, no. We didn’t speak Spanish at school. EG: No, just English. KP: It was just English. EG: They put us in [murmurs] Fanny Estrada. She’s the one that, uh, took us, Mom, to the school to enroll in kindergarten and put us in there. And there we were, sitting there and looking around and everybody talking up a storm. Then we could just speak Spanish, ‘cause that’s all we talked at home [murmurs]. HK: Mm-hmm. EG: And then we… KP: And we picked it up fast, you pick it up fast. EG: Before you know it, you’re talking English. KP: Yeah, I don’t even remember the transition, because it was just English. That’s all I remember. EG: That’s all I remember too. And then we didn’t associate too much with the Mexicans because… KP: Everybody was Catholic. EG: Everybody was Catholic but us. KP: See, so that kind of made us different. HK: Uh-huh. �KP: And – and my parents wouldn’t let us go to their house, and they wouldn’t let ‘em come to our house. Of course, we played at school together. HK: Mm-hmm. KP: And…but, we were just, were not allowed. There’s nothing about going to spend the night with some friends, you know, like they do now, kids. You didn’t do that then. I don’t know of anybody ever doing that. [EG murmurs]. But, um, we got along at school – EG: Chores to do when you got home. But it – it was – it was strange, the way that children pick up the language. KP: Oh, a child can pick up that language easy. EG: [Murmurs] You don’t even know how you… KP: I grew up to – when I went and moved to California when my husband joined – rejoined the Marine Corps, he was in the Marine Corps and got out when we got married in ‘46, but then went back to Korea and all that, so he went back in and we went to California. And I found out that, um, they needed interpreters over there, so I ended up taking some college courses. HK: Oh. KP: And I worked as an interpreter for years for the courts. Spanish interpreter. But that Spanish that I learned at home when I was little, it helped a lot because you learn a lot of the idioms, you learn a lot of the little things that you just say – HK: Mm-hmm. KP: And you know, that – that you just know. So that helps a lot, when you’re translating. HK: Yeah. Um, your mom at home, did she make your clothes or did you purchase clothes, or…? EG: Made our clothes. KP: Made our clothes. EG: I remember the little flour sacks. KP: She used to bleach ‘em. She had this big tub out in the yard, and Daddy fixed it for her out there, and she would bleach these flour sacks, you know, that had – they were faded, but they were on there, the letters were on there. [HK laughs] I remember I could see ‘em. But it didn’t bother us, because everybody was poor. HK: Mm-hmm. �KP: At least it didn’t bother me. The only time it bothered me was afterwards, going to junior high school, when the girls wore nicer clothes and, you know, and they were wearing, um, bobby socks and, um… EG: We had to wear those stockings, they’re made out of God knows what. I don’t know what they were made of. KP: Those brown stockings. EG: Brown. KP: Kind of brown stockings, and we had to wear those. And we would roll ‘em down, we’d get to the corner and out of Mother’s sight, and we would roll ‘em down because we wore those garters. HK: Mm-hmm. KP: And you could just roll ‘em down, down to around your ankles, and we had these donuts. [Laughter] EG: We probably looked worse than we would’ve if we would have just left the stockings up. KP: We did that. EG: Oh, boy. Had them big old donuts around our skinny legs. KP: And I would have done anything for a pair of bobby socks. I thought, all, you know, [murmurs], and Naomi. EG: Yeah, all those girls – KP: Those girls, they always wore these beautiful little white socks and – and little pompoms on their shoestrings. I remember all of that, but I just envied it, you know, because I wished I could have that. But we didn’t. EG: Oh, well. We survived. KP: We survived. And we didn’t get in trouble. EG: Yeah, that was the main thing. KP: You can’t get in trouble when you don’t get to go anywhere. HK: Yeah. Yeah. �EG: Mom was so strict. KP: She was very strict. We couldn’t walk with the boys, coming home from school. We had to cross the street and walk on the other side. And we’re coming home from junior high school, going all the way down 9th Street to Pennsylvania to go home, and – and we’d have to walk across the street, ‘cause she – she better not catch you, and you know, she would walk up and meet us sometimes. HK: Oh. KP: So you never knew when she was gonna be there – EG: No. KP: At the corner, so we just always had to walk across. EG: And those crazy boys, they’d throw smoke bombs at you. KP: And they’d chase you. EG: And what are you gonna do, you know, you know you’re gonna laugh, and – KP: And you’re gonna have fun. We were having fun, but… EG: Looking around to see where Mama was at. KP: Yeah, we was always afraid Mama would see us. EG: She was always, she was very strict with us. KP: I always told everybody, there’s no way we could have gotten in trouble, ‘cause we didn’t go anywhere, to get in trouble. HK: Yeah. KP: You went to school – we couldn’t even go to the ball games afterwards. EG: No. KP: You know, the parties you have after this, you go to the ball game and all that stuff. We went to school, and you’d better be home a few minutes after. She allowed you so much time to walk home. HK: Huh. �KP: And we even came home for lunch. From – from junior high school, which was over here on Vermont and 9th. EG: 9th. KP: 9th and Vermont, you know, and – and – EG: [Murmurs] KP: Those three buildings, yeah. We walked from there to 801 Pennsylvania, so it was down… HK: That’s quite a ways. KP: Yeah. We went for lunch. We went home for lunch. That was – they didn’t serve lunch in school, I don’t think. EG: No. Some of ‘em would just bring sack lunch. KP: Everybody brought lunches, but we never did. Don’t know how come. I don’t know. We didn’t, we went home. EG: I don’t know why we didn’t bring a sack lunch. Cause [murmurs], she stayed for lunch and she was a well-to-do little girl. They had the cleaners here in Lawrence. KP: [Name, murmurs] She was considered our rich little girl. EG: Yeah. KP: ‘Cause she had, like, I remember her – a snowsuit, she, you know, those one-piece snowsuits you had. It was turquoise. Beautiful. And I remember she wore that with a bonnet to match and everything, you know, in the winter. EG: And she had a muff. KP: And a little muff. Little white muff. And we thought she was just a princess. I wonder where she is now. EG: And then when we got older, uh, she used to invite us to her house. She had a playhouse her dad built, a playhouse. KP: Yeah. Her mom would fix Kool-Aid and cookies. EG: And she invited us, I don’t know how come we got invited, ‘cause – KP: Well, we were in the class. She invited the whole class. �EG: Yeah, but they were, uh, the Mexican kids didn’t go. KP: No, you’re right. I don’t know. We – we always got invited. EG: We got invited. HK: Hmm. EG: Where we used to go. And, um, very nice, like I say, there was a playhouse, so cute. KP: She had a little playhouse. EG: And they served real food. [Laughter] KP: Yeah, we got to eat all those good things, you know, that we didn’t get at home. HK: Yeah. How did your family fare during the Depression years? KP: Well, Daddy was buying a house in North Lawrence. And I think it was $900 or something like that, but – the house. He got it down to $300, that’s all he owed on it. EG: That’s all he owed on it. KP: In ‘29 when I was born, and when the bank foreclosed on it. $300 and he lost his house. So that was… EG: That was a lot of hard work for him. KP: It was a lot, and you know, $300, there’s no way you could find $300, you couldn’t beg, borrow or steal it. There was just no place, and nobody that you knew that you could get $300 from. And so, he lost the house. So that’s what the Depression did to us, you know, and then of course he went to [clears throat] come to – into Lawrence proper and, uh, rented the little house. What was it, 801 Pennsylvania – $5 a month? EG: Something like that. KP: And 50 cents for the water bill, I remember that. Because we shared the faucet with two or three other families. EG: Other families. KP: I think the Martinezes and the Chavezes, and I – and us. We shared that one water faucet. HK: Oh, gosh. KP: [Unintelligible] to have water. �EG: Just the pipe would, you know, that little – KP: Between our house and the Martinez house. EG: Nothing fancy, just a… KP: Did you ever hear of the El Tampico? HK: Uh-uh. KP: On 801 Pennsylvania Street, a little tavern? That was our house. Became a tavern and then eventually they knocked it down and now there’s nothing there. HK: Hmm. [Murmurs] KP: They – they knocked down all those houses in there. EG: [Murmurs] and the house was gone. KP: Yeah, they knocked down several of those houses. EG: Oh, and the Martinez’s house. Ours, Martinez and Chavezes were all knocked down. KP: They’re still – it’s still vacant there now, I think, last time I drove by. HK: Hmm. So, what – what did you do for, um, healthcare? Was there any health care available at that time? KP: The only thing we had, was at school, we had a school nurse. HK: Mm-hmm. KP: And I remember she’d look at our teeth and check our eyes or whatever, but nothing ever came up, never saw a dentist. First time I saw a dentist, I was married and I was pregnant and I had a – a…tooth that was giving me problems, and it created a – a bag, or cyst. HK: Abscess. KP: Abscess. And so I had to go in and have it, um, lanced. My doctor lanced it. Until after the baby was born, which – my daughter – and then I went to the dentist, that was my first dentist trip. So when we were little, we didn’t have, even though they did have these cards and I remember they would mark – [EG and KP overlapping voices] �KP: Cavity or – EG: Cavity or anything. Our teeth were pretty good though. KP: I guess we were. You see, we didn’t have sweets. HK: Mm-hmm. KP: I mean, sweets were a treat. Maybe on your birthday you got a cake or a pie. Mother’s favorite, uh, lemon – EG: Meringue, raisin, lemon pie. KP: Or lemon meringue. EG: That was all she ever – KP: But that was our treat, for maybe a birthday or a holiday. HK: Mm-hmm. KP: But, uh, we never had desserts. We never had salad dressings. We had this platter of vegetables on the plate – on the table, and you just help yourself to radishes or green onions, stuff that Daddy grew. HK: Mm-hmm. KP: And we ate a lot of – we ate very little red meat because if she got a pound of hamburger, she made a stew out of it or something for all of us. We never had a hamburger. You never had a steak. Well, steak, forget it. [Laughter] We never had an egg. We had, like, fried potatoes in a – in a pot, and then she would break a couple eggs over it, and that’s what the whole family ate, these potatoes with an egg on them. HK: Mm-hmm. KP: Or green beans, or…stuff with egg on them. EG: [Murmurs] like they do nowadays. KP: Yeah. That never happened at our house. EG: We couldn’t afford ‘em. KP: And never any desserts, so see, we grew up on all these good veggies and – �EG: And then we had that whole milk from that – I don’t know – that man that used to come around and sell Mom the milk [murmurs]. KP: Trying to think of his name. What was his name…? EG: Mr. Cannon. KP: Was that his last name? [Murmurs] He came around in a horse and buggy. EG: Yeah. He dropped off milk. And he had that little tin container that Mom always had for the milk. And – KP: But at times, when we didn’t have that, we didn’t always have that. At times we had that powdered st – EG: Oh. HK: Oh. EG: We got – she got it from the commodities, that lady. KP: The commodity. She used to give us things like – EG: See, Daddy had the – the veggies all the time. So they would barter, I guess you’d call it. And, so this lady next door, the Martinezes, and, uh, she always had cartons for some reason. KP: She had cheese. She had cheese, and she had raisins. EG: I forgot the raisins. KP: Raisins. EG: And, uh, those pies – KP: That we’d trade. EG: She would trade vegetables for – for what she needed, a little sugar. She’d trade – KP: Remember during the Second World War when we had stamps? EG: But they all [murmurs] like that. KP: Remember that? HK: The rations. �KP: The rations? HK: Uh-huh. KP: The stamps? Well, we got our share of stamps, but we didn’t have the money to go buy the meat or anything, so we’d give those – Teresa got a lot of those stamps, and the sugar, and, you know, a lot of things that we didn’t really use a lot of. The only thing we used sugar, like Mama would make, she made anything out of tomatoes. She made tomatoes, regular tomatoes, and she’d jar, you know, she’d put everything up for the winter. And she would make tomato jam, tomato ketchup, she made everything [laughs]. EG: She used ‘em all up. KP: But she used everything up, ‘cause Daddy had all this excess stuff. HK: Uh-huh. EG: And we had piccalillis. KP: And piccalillis, she made out of green tomatoes. She made a lot of stuff like that. They had, Social Services, I think, had a kitchen. EG: Yeah. KP: And they had, I guess a place where she went there and – and they did – EG: She taught you how to can. HK: Hmm. EG: And preserve stuff. She went. She was the only Mexican that ever went. KP: That’s right, that’s right. ‘Cause she was – EG: Mom was very…frugal. KP: She was frugal. EG: Frugal. KP: Very frugal. EG: And she would just make – KP: If a blouse didn’t fit her any more, it was fixed for me [laughs]. I got, I was at the bottom. I got all [laughs] all the leftovers. [HK laughs] Remember our winter coats? And she would – she �would buy a winter coat, like at a – at a thrift shop, and she’d come home and redo it for us, you know. Those were our coats. [Laughter] We – we must have been [laughs]… EG: Looked like something [laughs]. KP: But she could sew. She was a good seamstress. EG: I think I took after her. In fact, some of the ladies would ask her to sew. KP: But she was – EG: All they did was the embroidery stuff, and Mama didn’t. She just – KP: She made everything from scratch. EG: Made shirts, for Daddy and for my brother, and dresses for us and her aprons, her everloving aprons. KP: She always had those aprons. HK: She liked aprons, huh? KP: She always wore an apron. EG: She had one all the time. KP: Out of those flour sacks. EG: And, you know, we used to go – Daddy would go down here to the…[murmurs]. HK: Uh-huh? EG: And that’s where they had [murmurs] the sacks. I remember when I used to go over to the store, I call it the store, but it was to get our flour. KP: It came in twenty-five-pound bags. EG: Yeah, and you could see the sacks all packed up, and you could pick what color, and they knew Mom, they knew she made dresses and stuff out of ‘em. So they let her pick out what she wanted. KP: She would have never bought anything that big a print. She always bought these little prints, or little plaids. EG: But mostly little prints, like rosebuds. Little flowers and things. I’m glad she didn’t like – �KP: She didn’t like gaudy colors. She didn’t like bright colors. She liked – which is opposite, because most of the Mexican population – EG: Yeah, they all like – KP: They like the big, bright colors. But she – not her, she – she wanted pastels, you know, pinks and blues and greens. EG: [Murmurs] looked like clowns. KP: She would just, she was something else. She put rickrack around those aprons. EG: Yeah. KP: Remember the rickrack? I remember running away from her one time, she was after me for something. And I came out – I came out of the house and she was chasing me, so I went around the house. She was chasing me. Well, she chased me around once, and she was coming around, and I kept on going. Well, she stopped and waited for me. [HK laughs] And all I remember was all those flowers. When I hit her apron. When I hit her apron and she caught my head under – under her legs here somehow, she beat me something terrible [laughter]. I never ran away from her [laughter]. EG: [Murmurs] You big dummy, what did you stop for? KP: I just kept running. My mistake. She says: “Are you gonna run from me again?” “No!” And she – she would hit the – hit you in the back, you’d end up with wart – welts on your – on the back of your legs. HK: Uh-huh. EG: She was the one that did all the discipline. Daddy never touched us. KP: Daddy never touched us. He was so sweet. He was – he was just good. About the time he came home, it was all over, you know. EG: She wasn’t – she wasn’t one of these moms: “Wait till your dad comes home.” Uh-uh. KP: She didn’t wait. EG: She fixed it right, and then there. KP: And if – and if we, the two of us a lot of times got it together, because if we didn’t tell on: “She did it,” or she’d say I did it, well then we both got it. So it didn’t do any good. EG: So, we both got it just in case. �HK: Were you both born at home, or…? KP: Mm-hmm. EG: Uh…we had – she had a midwife. KP: There was a midwife. She lived over on Pennsylvania Street, 800 block on Pennsylvania about the middle of the block, her name was Petra. But I don’t remember the last name. EG: No, that – that was for you. But for me, there was a…a white lady who lived a block from where we lived. KP: Oh, well, for me it was Petra. EG: I know it was that lady. KP: That Mexican lady. She was a real old lady. Well, I don’t know if she was or not, but anyway, Daddy probably [EG murmurs] – but anyway, when I was born it was storming and real bad rain in April. HK: Mm-hmm. KP: And Daddy walked all the way across the bridge down to Pennsylvania Street to pick her up, to bring her back, so by the time they got there, I was born, but then she had to cut the cord and all that. But, so that was a hard time for Mom. ‘Cause we couldn’t afford – couldn’t afford doctors and stuff. EG: And the only reason that they didn’t call this lady that – I forget, but I used to know her name, but I don’t remember now. She passed away. When I tried to get my birth certificate, she forgot – she forgot to record it. KP: Record it. EG: In Topeka and I had a [murmurs], and she’d already passed away when I was gonna go and take a trip to Mexico. I was, uh, married, and of course had had [murmurs] no certificate. They didn’t know I existed in Topeka. I said: “Oh, boy.” So I had to get Daddy’s Bible, and people that she knew, and… KP: It was just a mess. EG: Finally, I got it. It took me about four or five years. KP: My goodness, yeah… EG: The people had already passed away. �KP: Yeah, well, even Doña Petra had probably already died. EG: She’d already passed away too. KP: But – but they had mine. She had recorded mine, or somebody had recorded it. EG: Had to be. KP: Mine was in Topeka. EG: But that lady in North Lawrence, she didn’t. And, uh…I tell you, I had a terrible time. [Murmurs] but I finally got my birth certificate. HK: Growing up in Lawrence, did you experience any prejudice? KP: You know, I’ve heard that a lot, and we’ve discussed that. We’ve heard friends of ours, and you know, even relatives now, that have – had experienced all of that. And we never did. I don’t know why. Maybe somehow, I think maybe the fact that we were Baptists…we were kind of, we were kind of away from the other Mexican families when it comes to, like, celebrations and all this, all these church socials, fiestas and [murmurs] we didn’t belong to any of that. The only thing I remember was that dance group. [EG murmurs] Some lady came and talked Mother into letting us do it, and of course we were ecstatic, ‘cause it was – it was dance, you know, we loved that. And so, but I – I like we’re not in the picture, so evidently she didn’t let us come [EG murmurs] to get the picture taken. EG: I remember we – she made skirts for us. KP: And she made skirts and blouses, she made these beautiful blouses, embroidered all that stuff on it. And, but, oh, I must have been five or six and you must have been six or seven. I mean, we were little – EG: Oh, yeah, Yeah, we were little. Well, it couldn’t have been too young, because I remember that we – KP: Who was there in our age group? EG: ‘Cause I remember her making us the skirts, and – KP: I remember the little – the little blouses. EG: I said: “Oh” – KP: And we went and – and we’d go to practice, she’d take us to practice. And, uh, and we danced for a group. We either danced at KU or somewhere we danced. We went to dance. EG: Well, someplace they took us to dance. �KP: I think it was at KU. Like, for some reason… EG: ‘Cause, see, there’s Theresa. KP: Who was our age. EG: Juanita. And…both Juanitas [murmurs]. KP: Well, I know we were in grade school. EG: It was in grade school. KP: Yeah, well, see, they’re grade school age. EG: See, that’s about how old we were. About ten. There was Clara. [Murmurs] ‘Course, she’s older than I am. She was older than – she was older than you, so she was older. But we were this age, probably. Yeah, we were probably that age. KP: But I remember those little skirts and that’s the only thing I can remember that we had anything to do with the – with the other kids socially. HK: Mm-hmm. KP: ‘Cause we, of course, never had anything to do with them. But no – we, I didn’t feel any prejudice. Uh, as I – when I grew up and got married, and I left home and went to Ottawa to live with my husband for not even a year, ‘cause our daughter was born and then we came back to Lawrence to live and Ermie was married and living here, and my brother. And we used to party and go to different places and I – I don’t know if you knew of the Skipper Williams family. HK: Yes, I’ve heard of them. KP: Williams. Well, he was our best friend. And we went to the country club, you know, for dinners and – and my husband and I were with him. And, uh, Jan, and we used to go to all these – we’d get on the plane, he had a plane, and we’d fly to Oklahoma, or we’d fly to Nebraska, we’d fly to Colorado. We’d go to these games, for the KU games. HK: Mm-hmm. KP: And with him, and we never felt any prejudice anywhere. EG: He’d come to my house, and I’d cook for ‘em, and we had parties. KP: We had parties at our house, we were always at our house. Other friends, we had a lot of, at that time, of course he was, uh, already an alumni from KU. And he had all these, uh, uh, friends that were, like, he brought Wilt Chamberlain to KU. And so, we were all just friends, ‘cause we �all [murmurs] football players and…yeah. And we had a lot of fun. And this was…what, in the 50s? EG: And we had that big bus. KP: In the 50s. EG: Uh-huh, yeah, in the 50s. Had that big bus [murmurs] like a party bus. HK: Mm-hmm. EG: I guess football players and Skipper Williams had it. Man, I’m tell you, these guys. Come knocking on your door [mimics knocking sound]: “We’re here to party!” [Laughter] KP: We lived on Massachusetts Street then. And Skipper would come to the door, and we’d already be in bed. And he’d come to the door and he’d just stick his hand in with his empty glass, ready for another drink. [HK laughs] And we’d get up, next thing you know we got busy going, and we’re having a good time. And he had a, uh, a cabin out at the Lone Star lake. And we’d go out there what he called “roughing it.” We’d go out there and he’d take the maid, and take the kids, ‘cause they were – his kids were little. Shawn and [clears throat] Todd. At that time his name was Odd. Do you know Todd Williams? HK: Mm-hmm. KP: He runs – works at the athletic club or something. Well, his – his name was Odd, like his uncle Odd. But when they found out that he was retarded – HK: Oh. KP: They changed it to Todd. So, he used to be Odd. But when he was little like that, you – you couldn’t tell – [Tape cuts off at 47:28] END OF TAPE 26 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource La Yarda Oral History Project Subject The topic of the resource La Yarda (Lawrence, Kan.) Mexican Americans -- Housing -- Kansas -- Lawrence Mexican Americans -- History -- Kansas -- Lawrence Mexican Americans -- Social conditions -- Kansas -- Lawrence Description An account of the resource La Yarda was a neighborhood of worker housing provided by the Santa Fe Railroad for Mexican-American railroad workers in Lawrence, Kansas; located near the Kansas (Kaw) River, the neighborhood was largely destroyed by a major flood in 1951. In 2006, Helen Krische, archivist at the Watkins Community Museum, began an oral history project to document the La Yarda and Mexican-American communities in Lawrence, Kansas. The project was resumed in 2019 by Nora Murphy and Emily Raymond. The interviews primarily feature the children of the railroad workers who migrated to Lawrence in the early 20th century; they describe daily life, social activities, and living conditions in the Mexican-American community in Lawrence from roughly the 1920s through the 1970s. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived La Yarda Oral History Project Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Watkins Community Museum (Lawrence, Kan.) Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2006 2019 2021 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource These works are the intellectual property of the Watkins Museum of History, Lawrence, Kansas. The public may freely copy, modify, and share this Item for noncommercial purposes if they include the original source information. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s). Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Interviewer The person(s) performing the interview Krische, Helen Raymond, Emily Interviewee The person(s) being interviewed Gauna, Erminia (Ermie) Pacheco, Kitty Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data MP4 Duration Length of time involved (seconds, minutes, hours, days, class periods, etc.) 01:01:31 (video) 00:52:01 (audio) Bit Rate/Frequency Rate at which bits are transferred (i.e. 96 kbit/s would be FM quality audio) 83 kbps 3748 kbps Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Erminia (Ermie) Gauna and Kitty Pacheco La Yarda Interview Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Gauna, Erminia (Ermie) Pacheco, Kitty Description An account of the resource Sisters Erminia Gauna and Kitty Pacheco were interviewed by Helen Krische in 2006 as part of an oral history project to document the La Yarda and Mexican-American communities in Lawrence, Kansas. La Yarda was a neighborhood of worker housing provided by the Santa Fe Railroad for Mexican-American railroad workers; located near the Kansas (Kaw) River, the neighborhood was largely destroyed by a major flood in 1951. Erminia and Kitty grew up in North Lawrence and in East Lawrence, and attended the Baptist church. They describe their family's migration from Mexico to Lawrence, and share memories of their mother and father. Erminia and Kitty describe social activities in the Mexican-American community, living conditions in East Lawrence, their father's work for the Works Progress Administration (WPA), their parents' gardens, and their experiences picking potatoes. They share their memories of the Great Depression, and of the German POW camp in Lawrence during World War II. They describe speaking Spanish as children. Erminia and Kitty describe family foodways, and their experiences receiving healthcare. They also discuss their experiences with discrimination and segregation as part of the Mexican-American community in Lawrence. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Krische, Helen Raymond, Emily Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Lawrence (Kan.) 1920s - 1970s Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2006 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource MP4 (video recording) MP3 (audio recording) PDF (transcription) Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 26-EGaunaKPacheco-2006.mp4 (video) 26-EGaunaKPacheco-2006.mp3 (audio) 26-EGaunaKPacheco-2006.pdf (transcription) Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Watkins Community Museum (Lawrence, Kan.) Relation A related resource To access the video and audio recordings of this interview, go to <a href="https://archive.org/details/26-egauna-kpacheco-2006">https://archive.org/details/26-egauna-kpacheco-2006</a>. The <a href="https://www.watkinsmuseum.org/">Watkins Museum of History</a> also holds items related to this collection. <a href="https://archives.lib.ku.edu/repositories/3/resources/5295">Additional research on the La Yarda community</a> is held at the Spencer Research Library at the University of Kansas. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Published with the permission of Margaret Garcia on behalf of Erminia Gauna and Kitty Pacheco. This work is the intellectual property of the Watkins Museum of History, Lawrence, Kansas. The public may freely copy, modify, and share this Item for noncommercial purposes if they include the original source information. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s). Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived La Yarda Oral History Project Subject The topic of the resource La Yarda (Lawrence, Kan.) Mexican Americans -- Housing -- Kansas -- Lawrence Mexican Americans -- History -- Kansas -- Lawrence Mexican Americans -- Social conditions -- Kansas -- Lawrence Type The nature or genre of the resource Oral History Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Kansas Veterans of World War II Oral History Project / Lawrence Remembers the World War II Years Project Subject The topic of the resource Douglas County (Kan.) World War, 1939-1945. Veterans. Lawrence Public Library (Lawrence, Kan.) Language A language of the resource English Description An account of the resource In 2003, the Lawrence Public Library partnered with the Dole Institute of Politics and Haskell University to capture the histories of Douglas County’s World War II veterans in the Lawrence Remembers the World War II Years Project. From 2005 to 2007, the Lawrence Public Library, the Watkins Museum of History, and the Kansas State Historical Society also embarked on a similar endeavor, the Kansas Veterans of World War II Oral History Project, which was funded by the Kansas State Legislature. This collection contains many of the video recordings and more information about the interviews conducted for these projects. Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Interviewer The person(s) performing the interview Johnston, Pattie Interviewee The person(s) being interviewed Bovee, Eugene Location The location of the interview Douglas County (Kan.) Transcription Any written text transcribed from a sound <a href="https://www.kansasmemory.org/item/212284">https://www.kansasmemory.org/item/212284</a> Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data VHS Duration Length of time involved (seconds, minutes, hours, days, class periods, etc.) 1:01:57 Bit Rate/Frequency Rate at which bits are transferred (i.e. 96 kbit/s would be FM quality audio) 317 kbit/s (audio) 10315 kbit/s (video) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Eugene Bovee World War II Interview Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Bovee, Eugene Description An account of the resource Eugene Bovee was drafted into the United States Army in May 1942. He served as a military intelligence lieutenant with a censorship group until 1945. Interviewed by Pattie Johnston, Bovee talked about his military experiences during World War II. Bovee was born on April 1, 1915, in Sioux City, Iowa. He went to Morningside College in Sioux City and then to Iowa State Teachers’ College. In 1941, he started graduate school at the University of Iowa and began teaching high school. After being drafted in 1942, he attended several training schools, including military personal training at Camp Grant, Army Clerical School, Officer Candidate School, and Adjutant General’s School of Administration in Washington, D.C. Bovee then went to Cheltenham, England and France. He mostly worked in censorship and spent his days censoring soldiers’ letters. Following the war, he received a master’s degree from the University of Iowa and a Ph.D. in zoology from the University of California in Los Angeles. Bovee then became a professor at the University of Kansas. He retired in 1985 and passed on October 20, 2005. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Johnston, Pattie Kansas State Historical Society Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant England France 1942 - 1946 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource unknown Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource MP4 Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Bovee Interview Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Lawrence Public Library (Lawrence, Kan.) Relation A related resource To access the video recording of this oral history, go to: <a href="https://archive.org/details/bovee-interview">https://archive.org/details/bovee-interview</a> Obituary: <a href="https://www2.ljworld.com/life-events/obituaries/2006/sep/17/eugene_bovee/">https://www2.ljworld.com/life-events/obituaries/2006/sep/17/eugene_bovee/</a> The Watkins Museum of History also holds items related to this collection. Transcripts for this project are available through the Kansas Memory Digital Collection: <a href="https://www.kansasmemory.org/item/212284">https://www.kansasmemory.org/item/212284</a> Other resources for interviews with World War II veterans are available through the Library of Congress' Veterans History Project: <a href="https://www.loc.gov/vets/vets-home.html">https://www.loc.gov/vets/vets-home.htm</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource The original copy of this video is available through the Lawrence Public Library. The Watkins Museum of History and the Kansas State Historical Society also have interviews associated with this project, which was funded through a grant program passed by the Kansas State Legislature in 2005. Researchers are responsible for obtaining any necessary permissions for uses other than educational or scholarly research. Contact the Watkins Museum of History for additional information: <a href="https://www.watkinsmuseum.org/">https://www.watkinsmuseum.org/</a> Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Kansas Veterans of World War II Oral History Project / Lawrence Remembers: The World War II Years Project Subject The topic of the resource World War, 1939-1945 -- United States. United States -- History, Military. World War, 1939-1945 -- Veterans -- Interviews. United States. Army. Lawrence (Kan.) -- Oral history. Type The nature or genre of the resource Oral History Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Kansas Veterans of World War II Oral History Project / Lawrence Remembers the World War II Years Project Subject The topic of the resource Douglas County (Kan.) World War, 1939-1945. Veterans. Lawrence Public Library (Lawrence, Kan.) Language A language of the resource English Description An account of the resource In 2003, the Lawrence Public Library partnered with the Dole Institute of Politics and Haskell University to capture the histories of Douglas County’s World War II veterans in the Lawrence Remembers the World War II Years Project. From 2005 to 2007, the Lawrence Public Library, the Watkins Museum of History, and the Kansas State Historical Society also embarked on a similar endeavor, the Kansas Veterans of World War II Oral History Project, which was funded by the Kansas State Legislature. This collection contains many of the video recordings and more information about the interviews conducted for these projects. Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Interviewer The person(s) performing the interview Johnston, Pattie Interviewee The person(s) being interviewed Percy, Eugene Location The location of the interview Douglas County (Kan.) Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data VHS Duration Length of time involved (seconds, minutes, hours, days, class periods, etc.) 1:52:42 Bit Rate/Frequency Rate at which bits are transferred (i.e. 96 kbit/s would be FM quality audio) 127 kbit/s (audio) 1627 kbit/s (video) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Eugene Percy World War II Interview Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Percy, Eugene Description An account of the resource Eugene Mack Percy enlisted in the United States Army in June 1942. He served in the 13th Armored Regiment, First Armored Division, Company H, 3rd battalion. Interviewed by Pattie Johnston on November 6, 2007, Percy talked about his experiences during the Second World War. Percy was born on November 11, 1923, in Carlyle, Kansas. He graduated high school in 1942. After joining the Army, he went to basic training at Fort Riley in Kansas. Throughout his service, he was a troop bugler. He served in North Africa and Italy. He received a Presidential Unit Citation and a Purple Heart. After the war, he received a bachelor’s degree in music education from Washburn University, a master’s degree from Emporia University, and a Ph.D. He worked as a teacher and for the state of Kansas. Percy passed away on February 12, 2011. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Johnston, Pattie Kansas State Historical Society Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant North Africa Italy 1942 - 1945 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2007-11-06 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource MP4 Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Percy_Eugene WWII Interview Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Lawrence Public Library (Lawrence, Kan.) Relation A related resource To access the video recording of this oral history, go to: <a href="https://archive.org/details/percy-eugene-wwii-interview">https://archive.org/details/percy-eugene-wwii-interview</a> Obituary: <a href="https://www.legacy.com/obituaries/cjonline/obituary.aspx?n=eugene-mack-percy&amp;pid=148653955">https://www.legacy.com/obituaries/cjonline/obituary.aspx?n=eugene-mack-percy&amp;pid=148653955</a> The Watkins Museum of History also holds items related to this collection. Other resources for interviews with World War II veterans are available through the Library of Congress' Veterans History Project: <a href="https://www.loc.gov/vets/vets-home.html">https://www.loc.gov/vets/vets-home.htm</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource The original copy of this video is available through the Lawrence Public Library. The Watkins Museum of History and the Kansas State Historical Society also have interviews associated with this project, which was funded through a grant program passed by the Kansas State Legislature in 2005. Researchers are responsible for obtaining any necessary permissions for uses other than educational or scholarly research. Contact the Watkins Museum of History for additional information: <a href="https://www.watkinsmuseum.org/">https://www.watkinsmuseum.org/</a> Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Kansas Veterans of World War II Oral History Project / Lawrence Remembers: The World War II Years Project Subject The topic of the resource World War, 1939-1945 -- United States. United States -- History, Military. World War, 1939-1945 -- Veterans -- Interviews. Lawrence (Kan.) -- Oral history. United States. Army. Type The nature or genre of the resource Oral History https://s3.amazonaws.com/omeka-lplks/original/458af36402c0bc081c50564f9a32fe0e.jpg 23062880d427209d2042f62131bf2d65 https://s3.amazonaws.com/omeka-lplks/original/7d85c41e60ae31b5dc6b9b98192f23ee.jpg 6ca75824665098cd57c9a7bfae3bb186 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Fitzpatrick-Postma Postcards Subject The topic of the resource Postcards Lawrence (Kan.) -- History Description An account of the resource This collection is comprised of postcards collected by Lawrence, Kansas, residents Charline Fitzpatrick and her daughter Sally Postma. The collection focuses on resources related to the history of Lawrence, Kansas, including scenes of buildings, events, and people in Lawrence, as well as commercial advertisements for businesses located in Lawrence. The collection was loaned to the Lawrence Public Library for scanning and inclusion in the Digital Douglas County History project by Rosalea and Peter Carttar. Scanning and metadata creation for much of the collection was completed by Kylie Hewitt during the summer of 2016. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Fitzpatrick, Charline Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Lawrence Public Library (Lawrence, Kan.) Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Postma, Sally Carttar, Rosalea Carttar, Peter Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Postcard Physical Dimensions The actual physical size of the original image 5 1/2" x 3 1/2" Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Evans-Metcalf Co. Advertisement Postcard Subject The topic of the resource Central Business Districts -- Kansas -- Lawrence Description An account of the resource Postcard with an advertisement for Evans-Metcalf Co. on the front. Postcard is inviting postcard receiver to attend a free demonstration for the Chatham Fireless Cooker and the Chatham Vacuum Cleaner. On the back is a note about ordering the appliances. The postcard is addressed to Mrs. Perry Albritton at 926 Illinois Street, Lawrence, Kansas. Postmarked 12/1/1909. Information on when the postcard was acquired is on the back, 3/2/2001. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Fitzpatrick-Postma Collection Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Unknown Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 12/1/1909 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Fitzpatrick, Charline Postma, Sally Carttar, Rosalea Carttar, Peter Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource We believe that this item has no known US copyright restrictions. The item may be subject to rights of privacy, rights of publicity and other restrictions. We encourage anyone who may have more information about our items to contact us at custserv@lawrencepubliclibrary.org. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Still Image Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Postcard Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 1_Start_to_Mass_Street_Stores(cp_25a) 1_Start_to_Mass_Street_Stores(cp_25b) Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Evans-Metcalf Co. 926 Massachusetts Street (Lawrence, Kans.) 3/2/2001 Abstract A summary of the resource. Postcard with an advertisement for Evans-Metcalf Co. on the front. Addressed on the back. Acquisition information on the back. Date Modified Date on which the resource was changed. 12/1/1909 Is Part Of A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included. Album 1: Start to Massachusetts Street Stores Medium The material or physical carrier of the resource. Photograph Print Drawing Provenance A statement of any changes in ownership and custody of the resource since its creation that are significant for its authenticity, integrity, and interpretation. The statement may include a description of any changes successive custodians made to the resource. Acquired by Sally Postma on March 2, 2001. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Kansas Veterans of World War II Oral History Project / Lawrence Remembers the World War II Years Project Subject The topic of the resource Douglas County (Kan.) World War, 1939-1945. Veterans. Lawrence Public Library (Lawrence, Kan.) Language A language of the resource English Description An account of the resource In 2003, the Lawrence Public Library partnered with the Dole Institute of Politics and Haskell University to capture the histories of Douglas County’s World War II veterans in the Lawrence Remembers the World War II Years Project. From 2005 to 2007, the Lawrence Public Library, the Watkins Museum of History, and the Kansas State Historical Society also embarked on a similar endeavor, the Kansas Veterans of World War II Oral History Project, which was funded by the Kansas State Legislature. This collection contains many of the video recordings and more information about the interviews conducted for these projects. Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Interviewer The person(s) performing the interview Johnston, Pattie Interviewee The person(s) being interviewed Buhler, Everett Location The location of the interview Lawrence (Kan.) Transcription Any written text transcribed from a sound <a href="https://www.kansasmemory.org/item/211713">https://www.kansasmemory.org/item/211713</a> Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data VHS Duration Length of time involved (seconds, minutes, hours, days, class periods, etc.) 0:42:49 Bit Rate/Frequency Rate at which bits are transferred (i.e. 96 kbit/s would be FM quality audio) 127 kbit/s (audio) 1626 kbit/s (video) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Everett E. Buhler World War II Interview Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Buhler, Everett E. Description An account of the resource Everett Buhler joined the Navy in May 1941. He served until 1945. Interviewed by Pattie Johnston on October 1, 2007, Buhler talked about his experiences during the Second World War. Bugler was born in Pretty Prairie, Kansas on June 27, 1919. He attended Lawrence High School. Following his graduation in 1937, he went to the University of Kansas. He volunteered for the Navy in 1941 and became a flight instructor in Pensacola, Florida. He then went to San Diego, California, for Patrol Plane Commander School, where he got into the Transitional Land Plant Unit (TLU) as a patrol plane commander in long-range patrol bombers. He spent most of his military career flying PB4YIs. In 1944, he went to the South Pacific. After the war, he returned to Lawrence and worked a variety of jobs. Buhler passed away on June 26, 2007. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Johnston, Pattie Kansas State Historical Society Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant South Pacific 1941 - 1945 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2007-10-01 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource MP4 Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Buhler, Everett WII Interview [1] Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Lawrence Public Library (Lawrence, Kan.) Relation A related resource To access the video recording of this oral history, go to: <a href="https://archive.org/details/buhler-everett-wwii-interview-1">https://archive.org/details/buhler-everett-wwii-interview-1</a> Obituary: <a href="https://www2.ljworld.com/life-events/obituaries/2007/jun/28/everett_buhler/">https://www2.ljworld.com/life-events/obituaries/2007/jun/28/everett_buhler/</a> The Watkins Museum of History also holds items related to this collection. Transcripts for this project are available through the Kansas Memory Digital Collection: <a href="https://www.kansasmemory.org/item/211713">https://www.kansasmemory.org/item/211713</a> Other resources for interviews with World War II veterans are available through the Library of Congress' Veterans History Project: <a href="https://www.loc.gov/vets/vets-home.html">https://www.loc.gov/vets/vets-home.htm</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource The original copy of this video is available through the Lawrence Public Library. The Watkins Museum of History and the Kansas State Historical Society also have interviews associated with this project, which was funded through a grant program passed by the Kansas State Legislature in 2005. Researchers are responsible for obtaining any necessary permissions for uses other than educational or scholarly research. Contact the Watkins Museum of History for additional information: <a href="https://www.watkinsmuseum.org/">https://www.watkinsmuseum.org/</a> Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Kansas Veterans of World War II Oral History Project / Lawrence Remembers: The World War II Years Project Subject The topic of the resource World War, 1939-1945 -- United States. United States. Navy -- History. United States -- History, Military. Lawrence (Kan.) -- Oral history. World War, 1939-1945 -- Veterans -- Interviews. Kansas -- History. World War, 1939-1945 -- Pacific Area. Type The nature or genre of the resource Oral History https://s3.amazonaws.com/omeka-lplks/original/6af72f7ca55bb237a93a09a0a1af55a6.jpg 4fb194284b8aa1bf5b3320e6c2899eef Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource History of the Lawrence Public Library Subject The topic of the resource Libraries -- Kansas -- Douglas County Lawrence Public Library (Lawrence, Kan.) History -- Kansas Biography -- Kansas Description An account of the resource Resources related to the history of the Lawrence Public Library in Lawrence, Kansas. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Lawrence Public Library (Lawrence, Kan.) Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Expanded Carnegie Library Children's Department, 1938 Subject The topic of the resource Libraries -- Kansas -- Douglas County Lawrence Public Library (Lawrence, Kan.) Historic Buildings -- Kansas -- Douglas County Description An account of the resource An image of the interior of the Carnegie building that housed the Lawrence Public Library from 1904-1971. This picture shows the children's department housed in the basement. A long table with a globe is visible in the foreground. In the background are the stacks with various child-themed decorations. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Lawrence Public Library (Lawrence, Kan) Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Lawrence Public Library Historical Records Lawrence Public Library (Lawrence, Kan.) Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Lawrence Public Library (Lawrence, Kan.) Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1938 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource We believe that this item has no known US copyright restrictions. The item may be subject to rights of privacy, rights of publicity and other restrictions. We encourage anyone who may have more information about our items to contact us at custserv@lawrencepubliclibrary.org. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPG Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource Still Image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context LPL_CarnegieLibraryIntChildrens1_1938 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Douglas County (Kan.) 1938 https://s3.amazonaws.com/omeka-lplks/original/eea0847fdf9b1949dd48c09cc90ac9d3.jpg 96f948667014e518c4e6a77c94c0a76e Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource History of the Lawrence Public Library Subject The topic of the resource Libraries -- Kansas -- Douglas County Lawrence Public Library (Lawrence, Kan.) History -- Kansas Biography -- Kansas Description An account of the resource Resources related to the history of the Lawrence Public Library in Lawrence, Kansas. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Lawrence Public Library (Lawrence, Kan.) Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Expanded Carnegie Library Children's Department, 1938 Subject The topic of the resource Libraries -- Kansas -- Douglas County Lawrence Public Library (Lawrence, Kan.) Historic Buildings -- Kansas -- Douglas County Description An account of the resource An image of the interior of the Carnegie building that housed the Lawrence Public Library from 1904-1971. This picture shows the children's department housed in the basement. A long table is visible in the foreground. In the background are the librarian's desk and various bookshelves. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Lawrence Public Library (Lawrence, Kan) Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Lawrence Public Library Historical Records Lawrence Public Library (Lawrence, Kan.) Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Lawrence Public Library (Lawrence, Kan.) Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1938 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource We believe that this item has no known US copyright restrictions. The item may be subject to rights of privacy, rights of publicity and other restrictions. We encourage anyone who may have more information about our items to contact us at custserv@lawrencepubliclibrary.org. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPG Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource Still Image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context LPL_CarnegieLibraryIntChildrens2_1938 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Douglas County (Kan.) 1938 https://s3.amazonaws.com/omeka-lplks/original/822d264ad62f53488f9e268e63dd41e6.jpg a6c276d2fff7d8b3517a6cca0d800687 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource History of the Lawrence Public Library Subject The topic of the resource Libraries -- Kansas -- Douglas County Lawrence Public Library (Lawrence, Kan.) History -- Kansas Biography -- Kansas Description An account of the resource Resources related to the history of the Lawrence Public Library in Lawrence, Kansas. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Lawrence Public Library (Lawrence, Kan.) Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Expanded Carnegie Library Exterior, 1938 Subject The topic of the resource Libraries -- Kansas -- Douglas County Lawrence Public Library (Lawrence, Kan.) Historic Buildings -- Kansas -- Douglas County Description An account of the resource An image of the exterior of the Carnegie building that housed the Lawrence Public Library from 1904-1971. This picture shows the expansion to the building made in 1937, where the back was squared off and the basement was remodeled Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Lawrence Public Library (Lawrence, Kan.) Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Lawrence Public Library Historical Records Lawrence Public Library (Lawrence, Kan.) Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Lawrence Public Library (Lawrence, Kan.) Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1938 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource We believe that this item has no known US copyright restrictions. The item may be subject to rights of privacy, rights of publicity and other restrictions. We encourage anyone who may have more information about our items to contact us at custserv@lawrencepubliclibrary.org. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPG Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource Still Image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context LPL_ExpandedCarnegieExt_1938 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Douglas County (Kan.) 1938 https://s3.amazonaws.com/omeka-lplks/original/44bc1e331da5c364f03f62e9b43f9bda.jpg c756c5c58ef1d525786f01e6a52f7e18 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource History of the Lawrence Public Library Subject The topic of the resource Libraries -- Kansas -- Douglas County Lawrence Public Library (Lawrence, Kan.) History -- Kansas Biography -- Kansas Description An account of the resource Resources related to the history of the Lawrence Public Library in Lawrence, Kansas. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Lawrence Public Library (Lawrence, Kan.) Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Expanded Carnegie Library Interior, 1938 Subject The topic of the resource Libraries -- Kansas -- Douglas County Lawrence Public Library (Lawrence, Kan.) Historic Buildings -- Kansas -- Douglas County Description An account of the resource An image of the interior of the Carnegie building that housed the Lawrence Public Library from 1904-1971. This picture shows the librarian's desk in the foreground with the book stacks in the background. On the right, the reading room is visible with a desk and the edge of a long table. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Lawrence Public Library (Lawrence, Kan) Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Lawrence Public Library Historical Records Lawrence Public Library (Lawrence, Kan.) Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Lawrence Public Library (Lawrence, Kan.) Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1938 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource We believe that this item has no known US copyright restrictions. The item may be subject to rights of privacy, rights of publicity and other restrictions. We encourage anyone who may have more information about our items to contact us at custserv@lawrencepubliclibrary.org. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPG Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource Still Image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context LPL_ExpandedCarnegieInt1_1938 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Douglas County (Kan.) 1938 https://s3.amazonaws.com/omeka-lplks/original/b0542617dd897f7b764f3f254c8bece4.jpg fd9b1f452485c3228ac7904ab5b8f084 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource History of the Lawrence Public Library Subject The topic of the resource Libraries -- Kansas -- Douglas County Lawrence Public Library (Lawrence, Kan.) History -- Kansas Biography -- Kansas Description An account of the resource Resources related to the history of the Lawrence Public Library in Lawrence, Kansas. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Lawrence Public Library (Lawrence, Kan.) Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Expanded Carnegie Library Interior, 1938 Subject The topic of the resource Libraries -- Kansas -- Douglas County Lawrence Public Library (Lawrence, Kan.) Historic Buildings -- Kansas -- Douglas County Description An account of the resource An image of the interior of the Carnegie building that housed the Lawrence Public Library from 1904-1971. This picture shows the librarian's office with a desk, a calendar from the year 1938 and the grandfather clock gifted by Mrs. Charles Robinson at the opening of the library in 1904. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Lawrence Public Library (Lawrence, Kan) Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Lawrence Public Library Historical Records Lawrence Public Library (Lawrence, Kan.) Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Lawrence Public Library (Lawrence, Kan.) Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1938 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource We believe that this item has no known US copyright restrictions. The item may be subject to rights of privacy, rights of publicity and other restrictions. We encourage anyone who may have more information about our items to contact us at custserv@lawrencepubliclibrary.org. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource JPG Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource Still Image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context LPL_ExpandedCarnegieInt2_1938 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Douglas County (Kan.) 1938 https://s3.amazonaws.com/omeka-lplks/original/b4c10de78f4edebf326f20e7abd62a9a.pdf 5cf8bfaed25cd63c5c72965a998a2263 PDF Text Text ���� Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Brook Creek Neighborhood Association Subject The topic of the resource Brook Creek Neighborhood Association (Lawrence, Kan.) Far East Lawrence Improvement Association (Lawrence, Kan.) Description An account of the resource Bylaws, minutes, newsletters, correspondence, and survey for what is now known as the Brook Creek Neighborhood Association, plus the Far East Lawrence Neighborhood Plan. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Brook Creek Neighborhood Association Far East Lawrence Improvement Association Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available City of Lawrence Brook Creek Neighborhood Association Far East Lawrence Improvement Association Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1981-2000 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Hoch, Tony Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Brook Creek Neighborhood Association Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource BMP Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Brook Creek (Lawrence, Kan.) 1981-2000 Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Far East Lawrence Improvement Association Bylaws, undated Subject The topic of the resource Brook Creek Neighborhood Association (Lawrence, Kan.) Far East Lawrence Improvement Association (Lawrence, Kan.) Description An account of the resource Constitution and bylaws for residents and property owners within that area of the City of Lawrence, Douglas County, Kansas, bounded on the east by the City Limits; on the north by the Kaw River; on the west by the Santa Fe Spur Line; and on the south by 19th Street from the Santa Fe Spur Line east to Haskell Avenue, then along the west side of Haskell to Ward Avenue then east along the north edge of Edgewood Park to East Glenn Drive and along East Glenn Drive to the east City Limits. The association representing these residents was, at time of publication, the Far East Lawrence Improvement Association. No date is listed for the date of this publication. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Far East Lawrence Improvement Association (Lawrence, Kan.) Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Brook Creek Neighborhood Association (Lawrence, Kan.) Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Hoch, Tony Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Brook Creek Neighborhood Association (Lawrence, Kan.) Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Language A language of the resource eng Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Brook Creek (Lawrence, Kan.) Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context FarEast_Bylaws.pdf https://s3.amazonaws.com/omeka-lplks/original/461d79c7f574af775439a5914e811171.pdf 22282216906e7900beb2827d07e515f6 PDF Text Text ·"~, j c-3.·.'' '--'I.~~:\. ,. ,:f~JJ\ \\I..\ '}.'"' •i;l,l, } 1.·.~ ; ~ .....!. ·~ ,,• ,l·\ ,Ft'\}N ,. ~\~~~\;</l"'-1~~ ·R\·····' - .-~, .~. Y~-···' �FINAL PLAN FOR THE FAR EAST LAWRENCE NEIGHBORHOOD NOVEMBER 1981 Adopted by the Lawrence-Douglas County Planning Commission on May 20, 1981 Approved by the Lawrence City Commission on June 16, 1981 LAWRENCE-DOUGLAS COUNTY PLANNING OFFICE �THE CITY OF LAWRENCE, KANSAS CITY COMMISSION CITY STAFF Marci Francisco, Mayor Donald A. Binns Barkley Clark Thomas Gleason Nancy Shontz City Manager - Buford M. Watson Assistant City Manager - Mike Wildgen LAWRENCE-DOUGLAS COUNTY PLANNING COMMISSION PLANNING STAFF Hank Booth, Chairman Vickie Thomas, Vice-Chairman Paul Bahnmaier Jane Combest (resigned) Dean Harvey Richard Ice William M. Lucas Margaret McKinney Monte Miller Jack Rader J. Kurt von Achen Heather Anderson, Student Representative (resigned) Kathy Hagen, Student Representative Garner Stoll, Director of Planning Steve Allison, Student Intern Gene Bucia, Drafting Technician Linda Finger, Planner (Current) David Guntert, Planner (Research) Robert Hosack, Student Intern Dorothy Lewis, Ceta Worker (resigned) Dean Palos, Planner (Advance) Connie Shepard, Ceta Worker (resigned) Ann Warden, Secretary Joyce Webb, Secretary (resigned) 1 * 1 2 2 * Project Coordinator 1 Graphic Layout 2 Typist i �TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF FIGURES LIST OF TABLES INTRODUCTION Far East Lawrence Neighborhood Purpose and Context of the Plan Plan's Development Format of the Plan vi vi vi CHAPTER 1 ASSUMPTIONS AND TRENDS, ASSETS AND CONSTRAINTS POPUL/>TION . . . HOUSING . • . . . TRANSPORTATION . . PUBLIC FACILITIES 1-1 1-2 1-3 iv v vii viii CHAPTER 2 STATEMENT OF GOALS AND POLICIES GENERAL GOALS GENERAL POLICIES GENERAL LAND USE Goals •• Policies RESIDENTIAL Goals . . . Policies NON-RESIDENTIAL Goals . . Policies TRANSPORTATION Goals . . Policies PUBLIC FACILITIES Goal Policies 1-4 2-1 2-1 2-1 2-1 2-2 2-2 2-2 2-2 2-3 2-3 2-3 2-3 2-3 2-3 2-4 2-4 2-4 CHAPTER 3 AN INVENTORY OF EXISTING CONDITIONS HOUSING CONDITIONS Sound • . . . . . 3-1 3-1 ii �TABLE OF CONTENTS (Cont'd.) Minor Deterioration . Major Deterioration Dilapidated • . • RESIDENTIAL DENSITIES Planning Area 1 Planning Area 2 Planning Area 3 Planning Area 4 LAND USE . . . • • Residential Commercial Industrial Public and Quasi-Public Other Land Uses EXISTING ZONING TRANSPORTATION • . . . JviUNICIPAL UTILITIES CONCLUSIONS AND GENERALIZATIONS 3-1 3-3 3-3 3-5 3-10 3-10 3-Jlt 3-14 3-14 3-18 3-18 3-18 3-18 3-18 3-19 3-19 3-24 3-24 CHAPTER 4 PLANS AND RECOMMENDATIONS INTRODUCTION • . . . . . . . . . Property Conservation Through Code Enforcement Rehabilitation Through Reclassification . . Redevelopment Rather Than Rehabilitation LAND USE . . . . . Introduction. Residential . Commercial and Industrial Public and Quasi-Public Parks and Open Spac~ • . Street Classifications TRANSPORTATION . . . . . . Recommended Street Improvements Recommended Sidewalk Improvements Bicycle Ways . . . . . . . . . • APPENDIX iii 4-l 4-l 4-1 4-1 4-1 4-1 4-2 4-3 4-3 4-4 4_tf 4-5 4-5 4-5 4-8 �LIST OF FIGURES 3-1 3-2 3-3 3-4 3-5 3-6 3-7 3-8 3-9 3-10 3-11 3-12 3-13 3-14 3-15 3-16 3-17 3-18 3-19 3-20 3-21 4-2 4-3 4-4 Planning Area Boundaries . . . . . • Housing Conditions, By Half-Block Delinquent Properties, By the Block, 1979 Percent Owner Occupied, By Block . . Percent of Dwelling Units in Single Family Use Average Square Feet of Lot Area Per Dwelling Unit, By Block Housing Conditions, By Planning Area . . . . . . Rent and Mortgage Structures, by Planning Area Existing Land Use, 1979 . . . . . . . . . Non-Residential Land Use, By Specific Category Existing Zoning, 1979 Street Materials . . . . . . . . . . Street Condition Ratings . . . • • . Location and Condition of Sidewalks Traffic Volume Counts, By 24-Hour Periods Accident Counts, At or Between Intersections, 1978-1980 School Children Population Sanitary Se,vers Water Lines Storm Sewers . . . . . . . 100-Year Flood Hazard Areas Recommended Street Improvements . • Sidewalk Improvements. Bikeways . . . . . . . · • . . . iv 3-2 3-6 3-7 3-8 3-9 3-11 3-12 3-13 3-16 3-17 3-20 3-21 3-22 3-23 3-25 3-26 3-27 3-28 3-29 3-30 3-31 4-6 Lf-7 4-9 �LIST OF TABLES 3-1 3-2 3-3 3-4 3-5 . Condition of Residential Structures~ by Planning Area~ 1979 Total Dwelling Units, By Type and Planning Area . . Square Feet and Areas of Tax Delinquent Properties, by Zoning District, 1979 Inventory of Existing Land Uses, 1979 . Square Feet and Acres of Vacant Land, By Zoning District, 1979 . . . v . 3-4 3-4 J-5 3-15 3-19 �INTRODUCTION Far East Lawrence Neighborhood Far East Lawrence, as the name implies, is located in the easternmost part of the city. Neighborhood boundaries are East Eleventh Street on the north, Nineteenth Street on the south, the A.T. & S.F. Railroad tracks on the west, and the city limits on the east. The composition of the neighborhood is predominantly low to middle income residents employed in skilled or semi-skilled occupations, according to residents' responses to staff surveys.l Age groups of residents are evenly distributed with predominant categories being 25-34 years and 18 years or under. Average household size is two to four individuals. Residents' responses to staff surveys indicate the majority of neighborhood residents have lived in Lawrence over ten years--most have lived in the neighborhood over five years. A majority plan to continue living in the neighborhood and cite the quiet peaceful setting, good neighbors and affordable housing that is removed from the city and university as reasons for living there. The neighborhood is not without problems, however. Survey responses identified a lack of convenient shopping and employment centers, a need for general maintenance and rehabilitation of the housing stock, street improvements and sidewalk construction, children playing in the streets, and a need for a public transportation system as some of the problems facing the neighborhood. Residents also fear that added industry and multiple-family residences will upset the quality of the neighborhood. Solutions to these complex and interrelating problems present a challenge for both neighborhood residents and city officials. Adoption of a comprehensive neighborhood plan is an initial step towards resolving these problems. Purpose and Context of the Plan The Far East Lawrence Neighborhood Plan is intended to provide the City Commission, Lawrence-Douglas County Planning Commission, and Far East Lawrence Improvement Associcttion, neighborhood residents/property owners, and other concerned organizations and individuals with an official guide for future development of the neighborhood. The plan proposes an arrangement of land uses, circulation, and public facilities which will contribute to the health, safety, welfare, and convenience of the neighborhood, within the larger framework of the City of Lawrence. 1. Results of the neighborhood survey can be found in the Appendix. Vi �The plan identifies goals and policies, which will be used in conjunction with recommendations in the text, for guiding future development and change within the neighborhood. For the Planning Commission and City Commission, it will be used as an information base to govern decisions on development proposals in the neighborhood, as required by city codes and state statutes. The importance of formulating neighborhood plans is clearly advocated in the city comprehensive plan, Plan '95. ObjecLive 4 in Clictf.JLer 4, "Land Use Guide Plan" of Plan '95, sp8cifies "detailt:J neighborhood plans should be developed."l Also in Chapter 4, Policy 6 states that neighborhood plans should be used in conjunction with the Generalized Land Use Guide Map and policies of Plan '95.2 Plan '95 clearly recommends neighborhood plans and anticipates their providing a "sound foundation for revitalizing the older neighborhoods. "3 Preservation of neighborhoods and the neighborhood unit concept, as conceived by Clarence A. Perry, is also endorsed by Plan '95. Chapter 7, in Plan '95, recommends preserving and encouraging such neighborhood units by the evaluation and definition of neighborhood boundaries and upgrading transportation systems to avoid intrusions and negative impacts.4 Therefore, this plan defines neighborhood boundaries for Far East Lawrence and makes recommendations on classification of streets, as prescribed in Plan '95. Plan's Development Wide neighborhood participation was sought in the formulation of this plan. Residents and property owners of a neighborhood often see their needs from a different per~pective than professionals who do not live in the area. Therefore, to ensure that the final plan that was adopted reflected the viewpoints of residents. and property owners, the following steps were taken. 1. The planning staff at various times met with the Far East Lawrence Improvement Association members to determine the problems that needed to be addressed by the neighborhood plan. This information was used to develop an outline for the entire process. 2. A questionnaire was developed by the planning staff, neighborhood residents and property owners and approved by the Neighborhood Plan Committee of the Planning Commission. This questionnaire was delivered to every other residential unit by CETA employees from the Planning Office during the summer of 1979. 1. Lawrence-Douglas County Planning Commission and Ron Jones and Associates, Plan '95, A Planning Guide for the Lawrence Area, 1975-1995, 1977, p. 4-10. 2. Ibid, p. 4-11. 3. Ibid, p. 4-4. 4. Ibid, p. 7-ll. vii �3. Detailed information about existing conditions in the neighborhood was collected by the planning staff. Much of this information is found in Chapter 3. 4. Using the results of the neighborhood survey and the inventory of conditions, the planning staff developed an initial proposal for the plan that was published in December, 1980. S. The Neighborhood Plan Committee held one study session with the officers of the neighborhood association and met five times with residents of the neighborhood at their regular monthly meeting to review the staff proposals. At the final meeting, the neighborhood group endorsed the plan and a modified future land use guide map. 6. Based upon the outcome of the meetings, the staff prepared a preliminary plan for Far East Lawrence that was presented to the Lawrence-Douglas County Planning Commission at the May, 1981, meeting for public hearing and adoption. Format of the Plan The plan consists of four chapters. Chapter 1 is a brief summary of recent trends in the neighborhood and assumptions about the future. Chapter 2 presents goals and policies that will guide future decisions affecting the neighborhood. Chapter 3 describes existing conditions and recent trends in the plan area. Finally, Chapter 4 contains plans and recommendations pertaining to future land use and transportation. An Appendix contains results of the neighborhood opinion survey that was completed in the summer of 1979. viii �CHAPTER 1 ASSUMPTIONS AND TRENDS, ASSETS AND CONSTRAINTS A list of the facts about the neighborhood, as well as logical assumptions about future needs, forms the basis of this chapter. The majority of facts and conclusions were drawn from neighborhood information provided in opinion surveys completed during the summer of 1979. POPULATION A. The neighborhood's population is presently estimated to be 2,702. This estimate is based upon the number of dwelling units counted by the planning staff during the housing survey. The population estimate is also based on preliminary 1980 Census data on household size. The Census estimates 2.62 persons per household in the neighborhood. It is further based on the assumption that the average occupancy rate is 95% for apartments and 98% for single-family units.l B. The future population of the neighborhood can be anticipated to remain at present levels, with some slight increases. C. The present population consists of a large percentage of individuals 25-34 years of age. Over 44 percent of the respondents to the neighborhood surveys were 34 years of age or younger. Ten percent of the respondents were 65 years of age or older. D. Almost one-half of the respondents to the survey indicated they have more than two dependents in their household. According to the survey results, there were 222 children (ages 1-18) living at home with the respondents. E. Incomes of Far East Lawrence residents are about average for the City of Lawrence. About 42 percent of the respondent's household incomes were less than $10,000. Nearly 10 percent had incomes of $25,000 or more. F. The population of Far East Lawrence appears to be stable. Survey results indicate that 26 percent of the residents have lived in Lawrence over 25 years and 72 percent have lived in Lawrence over five years. Forty-one percent had lived at their present address over five years. Ninety percent of Far East Lawrence residents said they planned to live in the neighborhood at least another year. 1. Occupancy rates for apartments are based on information from a survey of apartment managers in the area and on staff observations made in May, 1979, for single-family houses. l - 1 �Conclusions The residents of Far East Lawrence represent a fairly even mix of age groups with average incomes. Approximately one-fourth of the residents have incomes less than $7,000. The majority of residents like living in the neighborhood. Most of the survey respondents have lived in the neighborhood more than one year and plan to stay there at least another year. HOUSING A. The majority of structures in Far East Lawrence are in sound or slightly deteriorated condition, according to the staff housing condition survey. The survey results revealed that 50 percent of the houses in the neighborhood exhibited some degree of deterioration, but only ll percent were extensively affected (major deterioration and dilapidated categories). Although a correlation between housing condition, ~ existing zoning, non-residential uses, and income cannot be substantiated at this time, there appears to be some coincidence of occurrance. In general, pockets of housing deterioration are more common near nonresidential uses. B. Overall, neighborhood residents rated their own housing conditions somewhat lower than the staff survey. Seventy-one percent rated their housing in good to excellent condition, while 23 percent rated theirs as fair. Six percent rated their housing in poor condition. C. Most neighborhood residents felt housing conditions in their immediate area were either stable or improving. Roughly 55 percent rated housing as stable in their immediate neighborhood. Twenty-eight percent felt the neighborhood was improving, but 17 percent thought housing conditions were deteriorating. This is comparable to ratings in the other target neighborhoods. Residents perceptions of stable or improving housing conditions for these neighborhoods follow: Pinckney, 83 percent; Oread, 60 percent; East Lawrence, 74 percent; North Lawrence, 88 percent; and Old West Lawrence, 90 percent. D. Rental payments, including utilities, are generally higher in Far East Lawrence than the other target neighborhoods. Forty-seven per·cent of the residents who rent property have monthly payments in excess of $200. Percentages of residents in the other neighborhoods with rental payments in excess of $200 were: Oread, 23 percent; East Lawrence, 22 percent; Old West Lawrence, 48 percent; and North Lawrence, 17 percent. E. Mortgage payments, including property taxes and insurance, are both higher and lower than those for the other neighborhoods. Forty-one percent of the residents, who are purchasing their homes, have mortgage payments over $200. Percentages of residents in the other neighborhoods with mortgage payments exceeding $200 were: Oread, 58 percent; East Lawrence, 36 percent; Old West Lawrence, 61 percent; and North Lawrence, 18 percent. l - 2 �F. Single-family dwellings are the predominant type of housing found in the neighborhood. It is anticipated that single-family dwellings will remain the most common form of housing for the neighborhood. Conclusions The neighborhood is primarily single-family in character. Housing conditions are generally sound to slightly deteriorated, however some pockets of major deterioration exist around the non-residential uses. In general, rental rates are higher, while mortgage payments are about the same as those for the other target neighborhoods. TRANSPORTATION A. Haskell Avenue will continue to act as a major north-south thoroughfare through the neighborhood. Daily traffic counts will continue to increase as the population of Lawrence increases. B. Thirteenth Street and Oak Hill Avenue serve the neighborhood as collector streets. They will continue to provide the primary access for the community to Mount Calvary and Oak Hill Cemeteries. C. Fifteenth and Nineteenth Streets will remain important east-west thoroughfares for the neighborhood. Fifteenth Street will remain the major access to Memorial Park Cemetery. D. Harper Street will continue to serve as a north-south connection between Fifteenth and Nineteenth Streets. Daily traffic counts will continue to increase as the population of the neighborhood increases. E. Rail traffic on the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe Railroad spur line will increase during the planning period as the industrial districts south of the neighborhood are developed. F. Ninety-one percent of FEL residents own one or more cars. In spite of fuel shortages, private automobiles will remain the principle mode of transportation in the neighborhood. G. Fifty percent of the respondents to the survey said they owned a bicycle. cars and walking as the preferred mode of transportation. H. This plan anticipates that bicycling and walking will become increasingly important modes of transportation. As a result, there will be an increased demand for improved pedestrian and bicycle facilities. 1 - 3 Bicycles ranked third behind �I. Major travel problems mentioned in the FEL surveys were, in descending order: 1) children in streets; 2) careless drivers; 3) poor street conditions; 4) too much on-street parking; and, 5) animals running loose. PUBLIC FACILITIES A. The city maintenance facility and garage will continue to function in their present capacity and remain in their present location. B. Edgewood Park and the East Lawrence Center will remain as a multi-functional neighborhood park and recreation facility serving all age groups. C. Oak Hill and Memorial Park Cemeteries will continue to serve as the principle cemeteries for the Lawrence community. Some land expansion of Oak Hill Cemetery (primarily to the north or east) will be necessary in the future. D. East Heights Elementary School will contiriue to serve the neighborhood in its present capacity. Enrollment will generally remain at current levels through the planning period. Building facilities will remain in sound condition and not require expansion through the planning period. E. The Douglas County Humane Society will remain in their present location. viable through the planning period. 1 - 4 Their facilities will remain �I I I CHAPTER 2 STATEMENT OF GOALS AND POLICIES GENERAL GOALS A. Encourage residents and property owners to actively participate in the planning and development of Far East Lawrence. B. Maintain and rehabilitate Far East Lawrence as a low to medium density residential neighborhood that provides sound affordable housing for low and moderate income families and individuals. I I I I I I GENERAL POLICIES A. Update the Far East Lawrence Plan at the request of the Far East Lawrence Improvement Association or as changes in actual conditions, land use or pressures of the con®unity dictate, provided that at least one year has passed since the last update. B. Provide information to the Far East Lawrence Improvement Association about proposed development activity in the neighborhood. C. Encourage property owners and developers to discuss their development plans with the Far East Lawrence Improvement Association before formally submitting them to the Planning and City Commissions. D. Develop and administer a comprehensive neighborhood property conservation program to ensure the maintenance of sound structures and the rehabilitation of deteriorated structures. GENERAL LAND USE Goals A. Create an environment that offers residents a sense of community pride and a common identity. B. Provide a pleasant living, working and leisure environment for all neighborhood residents. C. Minimize the impact of medium and high intensity land uses (commercial, offices, or industrial) on low density residential areas. 2 - 1 �D. Enforce the city's minimum Housing Codes and Environmental Codes through a systematic code enforcement program. E. Prepare a list of capital improvements projects for the maintenance, extension or replacement of city services in the neighborhood. NON-RESIDENTIAL Goals A. Provide diversified and convenient non-residential facilities while minimizing adverse impacts on residential areas. Policies A. Locate any additional commercial facilities along major arterial streets adjacent to existing commercial land uses as indicated by the Far East Lawrence Land Use Plan. B. Prevent or reduce adverse effects of commercial, industrial and office areas adjacent to residential areas, parks and schools by appropriate screening and buffering. TRANSPORTATION Goals A. Provide convenient and safe streets, sidewalks and bicycle ways capable of moving people, goods and services while minimizing negative impacts on the residential character of the neighborhood. Policies A. Minimize through traffic in residential areas. B. Discourage on-street parking, especially those streets that function as collectors for the neighborhood. C. Expand the bicycle ways as proposed in the Lawrence Pedalplan to connect the downtown and other major 2 - 3 �activity nodes with the residential areas of the neighborhood and that forms a network interconnected with the bicycle ways proposed for adjoining neighborhoods. D. When possible, direct bicycle ways to parks and open spaces or streets with low traffic volumes to avoid potential conflicts on heavily traveled streets. Consider reduced speed limits on heavily traveled streets where bicyle ways must share right-of-ways with other vehicles. E. Consider bicycle parking regulations and requirements at the platting and site planning stages of development. F. Develop a system of pedestrian paths throughout the neighborhood with emphasis placed along arterial and collector streets. G. Develop a plan with Santa Fe Railroad officials for maintenance and upkeep of landscaping buffers along the tracks. H. Prepare a list of capital improvements projects for streets, sidewalks and bicycle way improvements. PUBLIC FACILITIES Goal A. Locate public facilities in areas of the neighborhood that are compatible with the use and convenient to all residents of the neighborhood. Policies A. Develop additional active and passive recreational facilities at the East Lawrence Center and Edgewood Park for use of all residents in the neighborhood. B. Maintain existing public facilities through a systematic program of building maintenance and landscaping. C. Explore the feasibility of utilizing the city cemeteries for multiple-use recreation facilities. 2 - 4 �CHAPTER 3 AN INVENTORY OF EXISTING CONDITIONS Information about the neighborhood is presented in this chapter; principally in graphic and tabular form. It can be used to evaluate recommendations in Chapter 4, or as a basis for alternative proposals. The information contains data that can also be compared with future informational surveys, should an update of the plan be undertaken, which would detect trends within the neighborhood. The neighborhood was divided into four planning areas for comparative purposes by the staff, after consulting with members of the Far East Lawrence Neighborhood Association. (See Figure 3-l .) Some information about existing conditions is presented by planning areas. Most of the information is the result of field surveys completed in the summer of 1979. HOUSING CONDITIONS In July, 1979, the exteriors of all residential structures (except those located primarily in a commercial structure, mobile homes and Edgewood Homes) were surveyed to determine condition. The survey methodology attempted to duplicate the one used in the Lawrence Area Neighborhood Analysis completed in 1972. This was done to facilitate comparison between the two housing surveys. In spite of similar methodologies, it should be noted that the rating of houses is to a large degree subjective. In addition, the two housing surveys were conducted by different planning staff personnel. Therefore, maps or data drawing comparisons from both sources may lack a degree of accuracy. Four categories of housing conditions were applied: sound, minor deterioration, major deterioration, and dilapidated. Each residential structure was rated based upon specific criteria assigned to the particular category. Each housing conditions category and their criteria are described more fully below. Sound Structures rated in sound condition provide a safe and adequate shelter for the residents. They contain no substantial structural defects and require only routine maintenance to preserve their status. Minor Deterioration (Rehabilitable) Structures in this category have developed a few minor defects as a result of inadequate maintenance. 3 - l �PLANNING AREA BOUNDARIES OAK HILL CEMETERY SCALE lN FEET OOUGLAS CO. HUMANE SOCIETY I I n FAR EAST LAWRENCE ................. NEIGHBORHOOD BOUNDARY �I I I I I I I I I I Criteria used to determine minor deterioration--Holes, open cracks, or missing materials of a limited degree in the foundation, wall or roof; shakey or unsafe porches or steps; broken or missing window frames and doorsills which are no longer rainproof; rotted, missing or broken gutters or downspouts; unsafe or makeshift chimneys; and, exposed wiring. Major Deterioration (Rehabilitable) A considerable number of serious defects have developed in structures rated in this category as a result of inadequate maintenance. Criteria used to determine major deterioration--Holes, open cracks, rotted or missing materials over a considerable area of the foundation, outside walls or roof; sagging of roof; extensive damage to structure by storm, flood or fire; and, inadequate conversion of structure to it's present use. Dilapidated Structures that have developed defects to a degree that probably make repairs no longer feasible were classified as dilapidated. Defects may have been the result of inadequate original construction or a prolonged lack of maintenance. After examination of the structure from the street right-of-way, it was classified into one of the above categories. The following letter grades were attached to the categories: A = Sound B = Minor Deterioration C = Major Deterioration D = Dilapidated Results of the survey of housing conditions are presented in Table 3-l. Approximately 89% of the residential structures are classified in either sound or slightly deteriorated condition. The remaining ll% are classified as either extensively deteriorated or in dilapidated condition. _Housing conditions for the neighborhood are comparable to those in Pinckney, Oread, and Old West Lawrence Neighborhoods. In Oread and Old West Lawrence, approximately 85% of the houses were rated either sound or slightly deteriorated and in Pinckney, the percentages were even higher. In all four cases, the number of dilapidated structures was one percent or less. 3 - 3 �Table 3-2 shows the total number of dwelling units, by type, in each planning area. By far, the majority of housing is single-family dwellings. Mobile homes and multiple-family dwellings represent about onethird of the total dwelling units in the neighborhood. Results of the housing conditions survey are presented in Figure 3-2. Housing conditions are shown as an average for all structures by the half-block. Averages were calculated by assigning each structure a numerical value corresponding to its condition, summing the numerical values of each structure in the half-block, and then dividing the total by the number of dwelling units in the half-block. Numerical values assigned to each structural condition were: one point for dilapidated; two points for major deterioration; three points for minor deterioration; and, four points for sound structures. Incidents of dilapidated or major deterioration occur in areas primarily west of Haskell Avenue and north of 15th Street. Figure 3-3 shows the number of tax delinquent properties by the block. Table 3-3 details the amount and distribution of these tax delinquent properties based upon their existing zoning classification. Most of the tax delinquent properties lie north of 15th Street and east of Haskell Avenue. TABLE 3-3 SQUARE FEET AND -ACRES OF TAX DELINQUENT PROPERTIES, BY ZONING DISTRICT, 1979 ZONING DISTRICT SQUARE FEET ACRES RS-2 RM-1 354080 53833 8.1 1.2 407913 9.3 TOTAL Figure 3-4 illustrates the percentage of owner-occupied housing by block and planning area. est concentration of rental housing appears to be in Planning Area 1. The heavi- RESIDENTIAL DENSITIES Percentages of dwelling units in single-family use are shown in Figure 3-5. Clearly, the entire neighborhood is predominantly characterized by single-family housing. Only three pockets of multiple-family housing appear. They are Edgewood Homes on Haskell Avenue, a small area along Fifteenth Street between Prairie and Prospect Streets, and an area west of East Heights School. These areas are zoned for multiplefamily use. 3 - 5 �, --, . -·· ,_,.., ._/' {_. (''. t __ j -~ \/ '•' _i ~ ' .. . .. ( . 1: ........ "·· :~- ·, '• i • \,,.} .._., ·--' i:O·) ···-, .... ,·, {-, .-:.../-\,~) ... ~· c:~ I\>. l) .. -··---------·-- �·- . - ·- •. . iJ i_-- _L__ ~ ~ \i,. ' . t.._; !.-.~.. 1··1 i , .._,_ .. �,-, ·.I: ,_ , '-...... i ~ -~ ' .' ~- L_ r\ '. \ (: ,.' ii ....................... __ , .. .. '·,; / t: ../ ~ .... \.) ~-j ;.'}' { \ :·:::: :~ ., i ~-'-"'-'·J i \ ._:. ..-:; . -. . . -~) .... <) ..:_,; ,,.-~ ~ .~--. ~; . :··:::o / It tV\t\ il!l!. CLc,:L lllil I: • ; ·i; L i , I~. ... I ·..... ; ..~ ....:: •\ :... :..~ l .. _J ;~~ ~•._.j I'J\h:K U.I.IL III<Y '.J [ __! i ! ,'·· ji iI ; ! f ::: :/ / t I I I. I 'i.i II c: r ·. ~ �!·> L .. _ :~ (\ '·~} (':..·.: . !. _;. t>~_J J 0/1K HILL CLML.ii if( t.tt !.h.:4~1J\l f-'lu._;( CLt.:t !l HY ·~· I .:., ..........: . -. .. �Figure 3-6 illustrates the avera!Je square f2c:t of lot at'eil pcr chn~llir;~J unit, il'/ i:i1t:: iJ[,Jd. f ;~ ·j ~. t.t good indicator- of reside11tial densit·ies in the nc:·i~lhl>orhood. Co!nputat:inn~~ ar(:: J)<·.t:~~.~d on tf:co l.o!'.c,·l ~;qu<tr·c feet of lots occupied by residt.:ntiJl units on ettC:il IJ·!ock, divided IJy Liit~ iilililht~:· oi- d'.Jc!ll·inq II II ·i t.S . Ovr:rall, i't.:SidL:riLictl dL:rrsil.it:s in the ncitJiilJOI'Iloc~ti ,;;·ro n~lcil.iv~·ly i;(.,;, i.!~ik':j:;l.lv ;,1;::.~" Li,·.c li!.\}Ji'·iLy ol' housing is single-fa111ily d,.,cn·in~JS. In pc~t·t, Ur·i;: i~; cJused by LiH.· ili::Tu\·J i_.t·cniLi~J<: loc·.: U;.:tL \.'<:,·c platted in sor11e of the older ared~; such ;;s !lel111unL it11d Fil·it'fitX /\ddil.illil~;. (li'iH:r· «Y·,:.:•: <.11' iti:r!1 d(;n~,ity t'CSldentlal ilrt~ ·tnund ill l·.ci(jl'\'!OUd llunll~S ;uv! CUL!IIli'J' \'ic:\1 E::;L;tc:: n::d1:·i:: !;l)i!:c: pC<:·i:. The follo1·1ing text is a brief c!llillys·is of the i'olli' plunninu i.lt'C<t~; c~V~t_.i·d·in~J lc linu';i:t'J C!Jllrii~i.;t!~;, Lypcs of r os i den t i a 1 s t r uc t u r c s and res i d r~ n t i u I d ,~ n s ·j t i ,•o; . Of the four· planninu ur(;us, /\i'ea l sho1·1s signs or 'i.l;e 111ost aclvaJICC!d -;ldtc~ of dl:L:i"iC:I'Lltitlll. J{,~':iclcntir:il structures l~uted in a condition of lllil:jor ueteriot'<ti:·ion or clilap"id.ti:i•Ji: r~r·e lllo~;i COH!iiiOiJ ·in U1·h itt'<'d. Associated 1vii:h the housin:J cundi Lions is tile hi~Jtlt:st incicli~nce of lL:·! inqul:nt !.ll'u 1n:rt:y !:t;<t::;. lt i:; interesting to note that \·;ll'ile tiH: i.lt'(;<l hils ti1c: ili<Jiit~st it1cidence tlf lt:djiJJ' d;,:!:u·io;·;~l.iur; ();' di i,;pidatui housing, seventy-one percent of those \·Jho n:spnndcd to the sUt''J';y t'i:i.;d 1:h(:i1· i:nu:;i;,:.J ;:~; L'>:C(!lil:liL or good . .1\lruost 86 percent felt the neiS,Jiibol'hood \·!il:; ~.;L;·tb.le or iulpl'tJv·inq. (~!u: liqt'l'•: :J--/.) Gy far·, sin~.(le-fulllily d\•lellin<r; Jt'e til:: pri:'<IOttlil!ill'li: type of hou:;il1'cl '=''•!ri i:iiOU(!i: i i: i :; !llr:c:d I Ui' 1111d t'i p'l (~­ family use. /\ si~]nificant fllllllbCI' of the d;,l(:·l·l·jn~·; dr'e t"t;lllil'l UCC'!lpi;;r:. Hou :.: i 11 0 d . : i 1-:; i L·i i~~ ~.. d r- (: L·i ~J f 1 du <~ to the size of lots that v:r~rc; pli!Lll!d v:ithin L11c: <~1'1:'". A co111parison of rentJl sttuctutes i.tncl liiOt'I:Uii<Jc~ pi!,Yiilt:nts fnr t.hc; I'.:Hri· pLo,l:inJ <:1·<:<~:; . n·c: !;I:·.H·nJ itt l~·iutn·e 3-H. Accotding to survey re:;ponses, s·ixty-U1n;e !ll:t·cent of tlit; l't~:;it.lln'l.s 11i,o n.~tll::•d :tild !iiO:ltilly p;,y!lli'J;ts over $200. This is co111parable to rents ·in Planniii(J /\n'a 4. Fotty-three percent of the ho111e m·mers in /\rea 1 llitd IIIOIItll·ly IIIOl'L~PU'" :•,:t_ylti<c>nl::> over '(;/l)O. centa9es vJet'e found in the ot!Jel' tl1ree plannin(J df'<.!a~;. :.;·illii.!ar pc1· .. /\tea 2 ill so sh01vs s i uns of hot IS i nu dcteri Ol"cl t ion, l>u t not to the (;;d.:~ lit fount! ·j n ,\i'L:<l I . E i ~;i:l:<'en s l:r-uctures vlei'C r-at:ed in a state of llldjor deterioration; none v:et·e found to !H~ di.l;:pidi:Lv,!. J!,;w;in(J <lz-:i:crior·a-· tion is concenttatecl along tl1r.: rJi.l toad tr·act:;. l',·oportic~~ 1·ri tl1 d;2i i:lqtlt~nt Tt!X<;~; .u·c~ il·r :;o t:o,J,·:\.:,lL't.tL~d along tile tracks. j ·- I0 �-~, t'' :_;·-o ' '·•, ;'. ' . ''. I .... -~ ...·· i ' . ... •/ ) .. ,·. '..... ~ ) \ t'' (" ; ~ \ ) ~~~- . ',. t ~ =- _1, .. )\J\, L-·, I . ' ~-- ~ :.,. ) .' .,_ ~ / }\j ~- -..... •.... '." .·J ~ ::::: ~ ;:; ·- j~)no ... :_:-::_::-_ .... . . . ·f i ! j -~--~ ~3500- i09~)9 I -•---1 j ! . ,··· ,, ( ·.~· (·~···, i ........ ,. ) .... " ... . , .. .. -·-·-·.I ~ -· /.\' \,:\/ i u II 1:=soco--:- �100- 1- '·t · · liu;1rovi1Hj z UJ ·. ~. ., w .. ,' ·.,·\ ~ llo\J lvuu.l d you r; 1 lc C 0 l; d j [ j (II l til(' 0 I. 'd()ll!-i .ll1f 1, i 11 .'v'i)tl .. ........ • ' ~··· r -... '.,, .. ·..;:(;.]' ~ z w ,. . u ,_. w 0--"--- ----.--......~--'".-~-.:.........-.- -: j 1ll l .......__.:.._, L i l l; ~ __ ..._............ _.._~-~·-· \) 1· !. ~ ll ' --- ;l~ l . -~··-.....-:... .:..---~-~------·------- ~-·-·- ! I :-: t ' t > :. ... ,. ~·· ··~ i''\:.:. ........ ::; ~.'JJ f i'll ~/~~:! t i Vt·'! . =::: :-.! C· ,-,ou' ::·.. :..:.....:;. �;-·. !'':'• ---- no ;_;_' I;-l :- i , ! i i. ~--~~~-l (',0-· II ' I : : j! I I i ! i. -- i i "_! l i i ()_ r l .. ,__ .. .i --1 ~- I I ·- _! ....... -~ _.-- J !i ! I i j ' 0--·· \ ....•. : ·' i e. ' ~ ~ ., ~ ! ._!!:... ~~ ..L"" .! .. LL L.Lr. L-! I I ?0·-·1 More than '200 r. -r c:~~~ 1,, -,-•-l---1, .. .J. 1.1 !_ -l i"" .! _j l r!--n :ct---r~~ '- t+H-!-·--~ lj:!:j:r~it-- .. _; -! ttJ Less than or equal to $200 1 iHH-iH-1 -_ 'j I 1!0· j I. _ ~.,1 J .....• _lil!Jfil!~~:3?~~ :. /\n;:/\ 3 !OCJ-, I i r.-:. tJJ L0gend: I ~ Les~than or i}() ---'i I I fL __ j ! j t E~n' '·· 11<'J.. t;:;j More than 1··-e.L.t"!_. l ;; () ... / '''_) hi 0. equal to $200 ...! ! (__) L-L:l=cl::J i __ j ; ··.J ' -- ···.,; I ?o--i! i - .• ·... •• i i i -' t I! I ; '' I . i, ·_- --i .. I .! Cl- • i' jjc l'·/ :t'i !t l " ·' i :: ,. .Ii i i :l ( I I I ; ; l 1. ' ·, :; ! '! !. { ~ '. l : ', :. . ! :: I \ r 1:r 1. ' I 1 (. ~200 �According to survey responses, seventy-five pcr·cerrl. of the resid<-'nl~; f'l:lt tllc·ir· iiou:::illiJ v::,s fa i r con d i t i on . 0 nl y four t e c: n p c r' cent f e I i.. the itl" c\ t was de t c l' i or u i i Wl . iii 'Ji.i\:d to Housing types are 111ixed. Fifty-s·ix percent of l:l!t.: ci•,Jel"ihiQ unit::; arl~ c:itl1c:r ~>iii<.Jit:-ld!Wliy Ot' iliOi1ile l!OIIi<.;S. TlJe hiyhcsL conccniTdtion or llllili:rpL:'-iul!iili i•II)U::;·ili'J is d·lsu i·•.Jt:nd ill U:·i·~ ;u·::'il---t:!:_; .. ',!ii\l\1 l\!Jiii2:;. This area has the lmt~Cst llousinu rental str'uctur<: of' the four' pLlriii·in~J itl'e<ts. Housing conditions ·in Area 3 iH'C the best ·in the nL•ighl>ot·hood. Chly onc:--i1ul i' Lluci: ·i:~ r<ltt·d bt:!u'.l tlH~ others; it backs onto the pi'Operty of Edgevtoocllloll;es. /\lJrJost ninc:t_y IH'n:uil: oT U1t: re~;!dcrrt:. tdl.t:d their o;vn housing in excellc:nt or uood condition. This area ·is solidly sinqle-fiutrily ·in ch<lractt~r-. i·itJst of tlrt:o housin(J ·:~: U\ltWI' occup·icd, iluL iJ h~\1 blocks (mainly ulon~ 111aplc Lane, Hilil:r Dr·ivc and [asl 19th bet\'!l~(:n f·ic!ple Li:Jilt: ilJ1d ll;;r-pei·) fi;.;ve a lliufrc:i' incidence of rcnta·l occupied llousin:J. Overall, housinu dens·it·ies an• the lo1·1cst of tlH' fcHii' p·la:rnin~J at·c:it~;, ,,v,,·,.,j~rir:~J i.i!l·c:c: \".(; i··;v,: lruu:;inu units per acre of land. /\n areJ of hit]lwr density irousin~J l-ies i-n:';t o;' H:,p.!<e l..d;;:;. No housing units viete found to be in i1 condition of llldjor dcter·ioratio.J ot df!c:pid<ttiori ·in Nearly sixty p(~rcent, thouuh, sfrm·1ed si~ns of lllinoi' detl!r·iorat-ioll. i:i1is i.ll'Od. 1,/hile staff ratinqs of housinq cond·itions l'i-:flect sound housin~J i11 tit(; iH'L'il, ·it is 11ot hili'li(' n;~t !:o strongly by the responses to the sur'Vc:y. /\bout t!Iil'ty-t~;•o pern~ril: of Lhc n~:;·j(;<?nLs leh: !:iii::it· liullsiil9 was in fair or roor condition. Onc-four'th ol' tlte residenc; believ(~d titc~ condiLio:1 of hu~•:;ili:J ,,,.Ullnd them was deteriorat"inu. 1-ifty-five percent of tlH~ i:otitl d\·1ellin~1 unit~; itrt~ 11rubilc I!OIIle~:-·-illl ·ioc<!i:c·d irr tl1<-: nrcJL•il!:: !,:,;IIi(' J.Ji·~; f\e~iderrL·ial densitil~s ilt'e llic;fl in tlr~ <:trr.:;; ctVict'i!UhsJ c!qltL (il' IJi(;;'t! tiv~tTiinu units per acre. illon~J Eust 19th Stt'ec:t. L/\ND USE Data on existinCJ land uses in the: ii(•·iuithorhood <JI'<' sllllllrlil.r··ized in T,:!Jic: uses is shmm on F·i~ure 3-tJ. i'lon-rcsidl:ntial lund u~;c is !Jt·csc:ni:~.:,; ·in or use. ·~ .. ) - 1 :r I ~i J--~:. l!;t! di~oi.riL,uLinri ul' ·!arid Fi:;t!l'<~ 3--!tl hy •;pc:c!i'it: <:<Ji<Jo:·y �TAGLE 3-4 INVENTOi(Y OF EXISTING U\ND USE:'::, 19/CJ Category /\Cl'l:S Res-idential ~ ~ ~10 i C -- iUIIi i 2!J G.II l,y t·1ul ti pl e-Fami ly Nobile llomes I'/'():; :31 ; i/t.i.0 725ri51! lG.G r-JL,':J ') (' 230~!97:) Conunerc i a 1 l{eta-il \·Jho.lesale Serv ·j ces !J35tl(2 ·r o. o 3[~6J72 1. c) ?. . :i 109050 Industrial/Manufacturing ll·igil Nuisance l Parking - fi' \I L\ i' .:1 'j . ·r I)- O:! ,, 'J \.J. {. ., .J () . 1 Public/Quasi Public ')I]. Schools Parks/Open Space Transportation/Utilities Vacant/Undeveloped l~iQht--of-1-iay Streets Alleys l~a '.J(I ( _) (J . I ) l .3 Low Nuisance Public ti ! - () i l roads -·-·-----·---··-··------------------------ 'I ,r:) . .,I !J 266600 G. 1 1 Oil Gfi7 5 24.0 7913600 1 B. 3 4CJIJ6<J24 113.6 :1777G32 !:l6.7 71.2 3.7 1 ,, .·: 5.B i. f) 3 361 ~i 9 2 1 Gl 0/fO 2 1):)000 ·---·--·-··--- .. ···-···- --·----···· .. -·-·- -·-·- -·-··- TOTAL . --- -·-··-----·-·-- --··--·-···- . . 600.0 J - l I; ~~. 'j' n ,Lj IZY U.G -- -·- ··-- ..... lUO �- ·- '"', ·........ -~~- .,__ ~-~~:-· ! i r-:: ··. l \,.). l : .. ~-- . / '\.! ~ ·- .. ·.;<:J (!'f) i. . . ..': u l I <: ·. .. _.._ ) L)lic ~' '-•·-·· . l•• _. CJr~< . :i1 !' 'r ;_ _,:· ··' j' r: '• ~ . /'.\_·,riCl~{iU~;t; ::.. ... __ ._.,.,., ~-- ..... . . ~ ~<1~·~-. .... _. __o, ........... ,. .......... -. ·.-.\ .. , .. · '~- ~\0 ° .,..--:; '<•O ., .., ___ -·····--· .. ·-~~~--~~_::~:~.::-:j I [ J �i .'. ·, ;, ·- '··, .., ; i .. i ~-~..1 . I -~ .. ., ..... ~>Ja . . . ~ t.c.-••• ........... ,., ........ ._,..:._ j OM: !!Ill. cu.u.J Ufr' I !":: ! :;... :~. 'JJ :-: '· < -1 1.1 111 ~ >: • •i 1 .-. ...0!" ( i"J .. ~-. .; ·.• ·-:-.;~ �Residential -------Residential lund uses v;ere div·ided into three catcuories: lcM, IIIC:diun1 i:nd lliui1. Til(::'<: c:Ai.:C:'.JOI'·ic~~' genet'ally corTcspond to the follV:IiiiCJ ."UI,!Ii~J die-Lri~...L~": 1u\: d,~;l:~ilj ... (>i u:· i:':>:~ (ilui.l; ,;\r:·J-\L··!':.ulii.iy); '''ediu111 density, Rt··J-D (duplex) or l(H-·1 U·1ultiple-r:;,lllily); and hi~Jh 'lc:l:·~ity, i<i'·i--? u1· !:H--3 (;·-w-ltip!t:-r<uiiily). L()\.'/ de ns ·j t y res i d e n t i ill ' i n the c 0 n t t' X t 0 f t h ·j s p I d II ' r e f e \" s t (J e i ~ Jl: i: Ci I' rC'\ ! c: I' d\/l: n j I i ~! till ·j i :; p' : ' . (I(; t u[' ']uL S!JdCe. i•\edilllll Cit:IIS.lLY f0~;-1Cit:fll.lill CilliLillll~~ il(~I.VIi'NI II!I'f' .:11(\ '1'\·f:•lli.y <1\i::i! in<J i.liii i..:; i'l:t' liCt acre of lot space. ~~ny area:; r.hat are deve'lop1:cl 1!itl1 IIIOI'C~ thiln h:l:ll'i.y c!·:Jl.'·l·i·ilil) unil.:; Jh;i' 111:i: "'TC' an; dl.l'el considered high density t'es'idential. Cornmerc i a ·1 Cornr11ercial land uses vJere chvid~c.l into thr·ec cute~j<n·ies--r·etail, '"i!loL;·;;,·lc', c<nd :it.:~''Jit::•. lU.:t:<•i.i cc:nr-rnercial uses are direct retuil sa'!<:' oper·ations Sl!Cii as grocel'Y sto/'\:·:, i'ini;l~j :~tuLiur·;s, ii11d '!i,iuo,.. stores. Wholesale uscos are \·Jtn·chouscs and reti1il ~:upp.ly ilusin(~sse;. ~;(•rv·icc' cc,;nrnc,·i:·i,\1 1.1st:s it"iC.iuck ol'f'ices, banks or othei' corllltrcr·ciJ.I uses thi..lt do not: lritVe r-etai·l Sill<~:; i!~, d p;·irl~-i11,,·i tr~;(;. Industrial ---·---·-Industrial uses v/et"e div·ided into fl·igli or· lo\'1 nui::t:~r1ce catQuor·ies iJc:cor·d·inq i:o il:•.:i1· tliiJ.liiCl'. tlfHHI cnlission of smoke ot other· objc:ct·ionabl(! ele111ents i11Lu tl:<: at11•ospllcTl: ttiid i;ilcir (_Jt~;;;:;-;;t·itirt u·:· nn·i:;,~ ilnd traff·ic. Gara~Je and Hil·intenunce :;11ops, East Ldwn~nce Connrtun·ity Ct~nLt~l', Oi.lk Iii II and i-lUIItli'iit.l l'dr·!~ Ccnrcter·ies, and the Dou~Jlas County llullklne Society iH'0 the pr·irnary pub! ic u~;es in Fili' L1sl: ii.i'.Jl'(~l:cr::. f.lount Calvary Ce111etery, Odd Fellm-1s Lodtje and cliurche·; cotllpl'ise I!IOSL of t!Jl: quiJ:j·i--[JUili·ic ·1:~11d i!:;c:;. Tile City The re111ainder of the categor·ics listed in TalJ.Ir.; tory. l. Net ucrc excludes street r-o-v1 and othel' pub'lic <leclicaLcd l'·i~i\i~:>•·f'--\·!ay. �EXISTING ZONING Existing zoning districts \vHiiin the nciulibOi'hood <tl'<: sh01·111 on t-·i~JUre :1-1·1. fL~et and acr·es, ror edch :Loninq d·istr·ici:. amount of vacant land, in square SQUARE FEET AND ACRES TAIJLE 3-5 Zoning District !~S- l f{S- 2 !{H- l 1<0-2 t~- l TOTAL 01~ V/\C/\NT I /\Nil Square Feet l\Y "lfHIH!t: nr<:.T!?Ir·~- l<ll() /\cres 32'13716 l9i3i33 58 74.5 433il9iJ 22HOO l 0. 0 !j?. 9 ::i ~) . 4 '1 [). G (J. ~i l ') ~1- 1/\ Slt100 l G0200 Lj.• H-2 208039 tf.B 6l2BLJ1.1 "140. 7 I . .I () . i\ • L li.9 l ") ( '· ... ,} J. !: TRANS PO In/\ Tl ON Infonnation about the existing transportation systc111 in tile~ ne·i9hb0i'hood, both vel1iculi\Y' iil!d pt:dc~;ti'-i<ln, is p1~esented ·in this section. t·1ost of tl1e inforllli!l"icHl shovm on tile fo.llo'.riwJ fi0un~::; v:ill J;,~ s:~!f­ explanatory. Figure 3-12 presents an inventory of exlsnnu stl'<:d i1nd curb llli.\i:et·ia·l,; ·in the n<~i~JhLI(il"'!iOIJd. :;t;ccLs without curbs are concentrated fll'illti:\rily ·in the IICJl'Lil ctnd v1cstc:tn port·io11s of tilt; tH.:·i~!hilor\1\H:d. 1-1 e -r e a s s i \J ned a r a t i n~J ba s e d u po 11 a ~~ u!J .i c~ c t ·i v c r c; v ·j c \·J o f Ll1 e ·j r c n ll cl ·i t io 11. T h '~ I"<::; :: I t ~: i"il"' e presented in l~i gure 3-13. Host \·/(:re r·atcd c~ i tllc.:r i 11 uood or e:<ctc·l·i ent condi t"i 011. llu,.-;,~1/c:;·, port i 011s of Eleventh Street, Haske"ll/\venue, lllt"llc:ne Stn:et, [),·cJOk Str·eet, Pr·air··ie /\venu(:, and Niiki:c:~·nl:h \Li'l~c:t 'rJere rated in fait to poor cond it ·ion. The s t r c e t s Locat-ions of sidewalks and tlie-il"' cond·itions an~ :;1/(i\nl on f"·irJure -111. construction. f··Jost 'ilere found to be: in excellent or <.Jood condit 011. .., J l ·~ i :\ ~I /\"\"\ ,;·ic\(:'.lill!~:; i!t~\i ~;idH·nH:~; ll\'e of •·;;nr:r-r:l:<: li:tvc· ;·t:u-,:L!y /.J;;Oil �'. , .. .//··- ...... .-, l'· ·~--1 u ['_] I I/ /( / 1-' ;! ;'; ··.t ;I 11 ·.:-:.·' .. ··_; " .. ) �... .._ r-r-- ! Q --" ,_) -.. ' '.~> -·- \ ' \....I i l \ •.,. ~- I .. .: .~: ~ -~ ... ·~ l :. -~ •••• ~ •. !. -~- ..... : l ir... _.. ~ ......... (1. .: ...................... ~ _ .............. "'""' '· .. - /\:;tJ::ull' .... · · - · · J .·.·.·.·.·>.<··;;-, ... ·.·. <).<\1-: U !ill L t·!C{ !~H ..I '. ,. ·.·,. ~,..; ·.· 1'/di'K Ci t.H.I r H't ;" ,. -~~: :~;.; ;~~-i ~ ...: l"'! >·-~--~--.4~~~: --- I I I,·. ,,' . I !\ I /C /,/ ,> i !,. · /l ;: f f~' I~ 1 • ''.I �I -·1 ~-1 o·-t,_) ;... -··· ~ ..... __, ............. ....... _ ... ... _ :;. :.. ~ .....__ ............................. -: ... ..•. -l -··· •. v"'- •. - . " • ~...· ~ • .; .. ~- .... -- ... Otd·: 1!1! L f';\ftl< ............. Ct· :.iL! I I<Y I I .,.l l '. l ~---~---~~-......_ _ _ _ _ ...... f ••• _...;. .. 1:!:;:.:.~~~ l\~,· ',\lt!ll) ' 'i / ' ,,. i• / Foi( Poor �! •. ~- • ·-· ..••• ~ ...• •' - . ·---- .: .... .: ,_. ; - ---·- ~~: c~ i 1' '---~- ,J 1 1 ' 1 . / . . '•. .. -~· .... -~·--·· .. _--· -·~-···-'"" �constructed along the north side of Nineteenth Street and tile east ~;id(2 of liil~;k0ll /\vc~nu<: iH~hll:<~rJ Nineteenth and Lynn Streets. Traffic volu111e counts within the neiqhborhood arc 'iflOI·m in Fiqure 3--IS. The da'Li ar-e f'or 2tl-ihlllr' pel'iods during 1971, 19/5, and 1979. Tlw data indicate an incr'eJse iil i:r<tfhc ~'lonu llas!:t:n 1\v;;rJlH~, Fifteenth Street and Nineteenth Street. LocaL ions of traff'ic dccidents, v11lich occurred in LIH; neiuhbo1·hood ovtcr a l:11ll and \ilie-il,tl r yr~ill' J!<~l··ioci, are shown in Figure 3-16. Highest incidences of' accidents occurred it-lorrQ llaskell /\venue, 1-ifl(~eni:iJ and Nineteenth Streets, and fi.:tr'per Street. These stY'ects also have the liigl1e~;t trafi'ic vollllllf' counL and serve as minor arterials fot' the rieiuhborhood and city. The distribution of ele111entury school aue childi't~n attcnclin~1 E<:tst lleiqhLs tliid l:unnc:dy Cl'iHic~ Sci:uoL is shown on Figure 3-17. Over thn:e hundred e·](~lllcril:.tr·y school age cilildt·,~n live 11iU1in the 1\i~i~Jitl)otllood, according to data provided by the Li:t1·1rence School District. Survey i'r:sttlts -indi,~atl;d thitt the tnost serious pr·oblem faced vJhen tl-avell-inCJ through the ne·iuhLJorhood vlliS childrL:fi playiii'J in tf1c; str-(~d~;. MUNICIPAL UTlLITIES Locat-ions of city sanitary sev:et' lines and Vlilter I inc;s, are shown on Fiqut·es 3--IB itlld 3-19, n~~;pecLively. Sorlie concern lias been expressed by residents about l rw v1ater pres sun; aml vlil ter· quctl i ty. The c-ity has recently replaced SOllie of the 1vater lines ar·ot.md !:lie intet'sect"ion of LLl~;L lSth SLrr~d il!HIIliisken /\venue and hds plans for otliel" \·liltel' line illi!JY'overflent~; ·in the nei91lborhood. Tilc~~;c; \·Jal:el' ~;yst~~~~~ iiii]H'OVL:IIIt:ilt ptojects are expected to correct the v1atr;r qua-lity ilnd pr·esstn'e prob-ICIIIS. Storm sev1er facilities are located on F-i~Jur·e 3-?0. Generilny, tv10 dtilillilUL' basins cal:ch lfliJSt (;f the storm v1ater runoff. They at'e conHnordy referTed to as the /\TSF Tr·ibutar.~' and l3l'Ook Str·c("t Tri!JLJtaty. Portions of /\r·eu l have been des-iunated us 1vithin the 100-year flood ltet!ilrd Jr'(~it by U1c h;clL'till 1n~>Ut'ance und Hazar·d Adlllinistration studies becau~-;e of these tr·-ibut.al'-ies. Tl1~ ·100-_ycat' rloocl h<uan! areas are shovm on Figure 3-21 . CONCLUSIONS AND GENER/\LIZATIONS ( ' Far East Lav1rence is a solidly developed rc~;idential neighborhood \'iitlr ,{ llii:< oi' non t'c:sidel!tii!i lilnd uses generally confined to the fringr:-•s of tile nci~Jilbod10oc!. liousit!~J i·~ clo:ninanlly s-irlCJie-i'illllily in char'actel' throughout the nei~hbot~hood v-;i~ll '!few except:"ions. /\reas of hir 3 1rc::;t residential dens·ity a1·e Eduewood l1o111es and Country V1e1.-1 [:states 1-iobtle llo111e l)ilt'k. 3 - 2t1 \ / �VCLUl\.iiC·~ 1\\','f');-·\Jr''l"I,___ /-\ JV ! \ r=..l \J v c �FIG. 3-!G t\ ,·-.. C' t'·-1 \:..- !\~--~'-.j i) L t__ •J .: .~0 "lJ.i) --·-· ·-·--~ ......-·,., �Enroilt::d Sehoul ut �I ' Ll OAK lllll. Cli-AI Ill!( (i~,.;;; �·--1 ( ' j- l _:;' 3-!9 OM: 1111.1. Ct.r,\i: II WI /""-.... i__f- t·.i ~-~1 I l L_:__.! I ::-:-.. • J .i 1./ I r / ~ fi . ! I t! I; V • , 1)'1 !i I -1 _ r-=:- /\ r~) [ r·\ I \ .........: ... ;0 - ·~ . - ~--~--· ~ ~--··· .... -.. ·. �· -··---- -- - Conucptc:d ------------ r··:oi nfor c c:: d u i\/i e i oI P ip 8 'i.Plpo * Concre18 inid N [] 4 :-t., "''N :~-----------: �, (" .... ~ .J--¥c.~ .· ::0(: "r:.,~ ,) ·. ••oo ~·~~--·: :::_~.~~-~:·=-~.~=~~ !. ···::::::-::::~ SCALE ~i FEET �As a vihole, housing condit·ions in the neighbol'hood ate ·in sound conditiur1. Staf'i" hocl~;in',J CO!Jditioil surveys found only eleven percent of the d\·tell ing units in a condition of 111ajor· d.:~t2riorat·ion or dilapidation. Planning Areas land 2 contained the lllctjt)l'ity of housing ·i11 ptJOl' condition. /\ l1i~JI1 inr:-idL~Jlce of delinquent propet'ties unci rental occupied hou:;·irt~J ulso occure in Hr(~~,e h·w llr'(~(tS. Generally, str·eet conditions are uoud or excene,Jt ·in the nei<Jhbor'hood. Strt!ets raLed in i'ail' u·l' poor' condition though, are most common ·in those areus \·/here housing concl'iLit)ll'; J.r·e poul'L'St. Of the Collllllunity Development Target Nr:dghbod10ods, F<rr Ettst L<wlrencc~ hils tire 1110~~t pub'l ic r·ilci·l i tit~s in their area. Neal'ly 21 per·cent of the neighborhood h dcve·loped in pttbl·ic u~;l~s---City Gilti\lJC: i\Jid l·ia·intenance Facility, t~emor-ial Park and Oak Hill Cenletel'y, [dgev10od Park, East llci~Jilts School, r:;tc. ffris represents a significant investfllent by the publ·ic in the nei~Jhborliocld. Unlike lllost of the target neighborhoods, far Eust l.a\Jrence lias u lar~Je <unount of tlttdcvc~lop2d 1and that has potential for develop111ent. Th·is gives the nc!iglJhtH'hood iHl opput·tun·ity to pliln !'or· llC:',/ de'/r"loptnE~nt as \'fell as rehabilitution and rcc!eve·loptllent of existin~J housing stock. 3 - 3? �CHAPTER 4 PLANS AND RECOMMENDATIONS INTRODUCTION Far East LavJrence is a neighborhood of mixed land uses. l3y ft~r, the predolllinunt ·land use is i'l~:;idenlial, hO\'ICVer, public land usee; Y'Pflt"r";r>nt the second JJ\O!;t co!nJnon use of ·1a11d. Prev·iow; city pliln<; }Ji'O\JO~;r:~d light and heavy industr·ia·l uses a1on~J the railroad tr·uc!<s. !\sa n::su.lt, non-rcs·ir!c>ni-.iiJI u:;(:~·; ;\r't: 111urc: prevalent along the northern and \•JCstern edges oi' tit~ nE~iahborhood. Theoretically, land use plu.ns can be desi~Jnec! to Jii(~et various objectives for Uk JH~ighilor-houd. Tile plan, hov/evet', should not be used \)y itself. l!athcl·, it should be used in conjunct.ion \!il:h th2 llt:i~JIIbor­ hood1s goals and policies vJilicill"Clilte to hm·J tlll'.Y \•ICJLJld like to see the neighlJOl"ilood duve.lop i11 the future. Possible object·ives or "focuses of actioll" that llle lane! usc plan col!ld iJddt·oss uY'l.': Pt.91~!_1L~.Q!!~ery_(ltj_Q_11 __1}1)~.9_Ll!JJ1_ ~O!l_e __ _E_tlf.CJ.r_c:~n-~~J. I:: !I forcE~ment of exist-ing zon·i n~J, tll'i nitllu:n how. i n<J codcs, and enVil"Onmental codes is the focus of this uppruach. It vJould serve to ·i:11pr-ov2 or· ntt~in!:J.in il<:·i~Jhboi'­ hood and envit·onrnental qua·li ty by encouraging pt·opei"l:y ovmers to lllitintain and up~rade th.:.ir O'.'.'ll fJl'OiH~l'ty. The result of such a progra111 is that a safe, heztl Uty and attructive l iviJISJ envirDntncnt L. c;·c:aU~d for· residents and potential residents of the neighi;Lli'ltood. Pr·ivate itiVL:stHient ill Lhc ne·i~;li!Jot·hnoci \·JoHld a·!~.o .....be stilllulated. In effect, this approi\Ch Vlould l!li.l·intain the status-quo; at least ·in tenu:-; of ?.Oil.iltq and land uses in the neighborhood. J:\..~_a_~_ijj__t~_tj_.Q_Q_ I.!I!_O~l.9JLI~t::_c:.1_a_s_s_ifj_(_:,C_!__:UQIJ.. The ob:i H: t ·j v e of this co nr. e pt i s to l't-c zo nc! i.H'c'<t s or t h0 11 c; i (_] 11borhood according to theil" existin'] use. /\t rwcsent, non-confonnin<J uses Mtd du:nillilllt tlses locaLc~d in atev.s zoned for mote intens·ive use share an eletiiCllt of uncertainty about tlwir futuro. Thw;, r-ch<dlil·ita--tion is discouraged. Zonin9 the neighborhood accord·in'] to use 111ight ~:t:~rve it:; titc Jie::cc:s:;.'ii'Y Cdi:<tly~t f'or private reinvestment and l~ehabi.litat·ion in the neiql1borhood. R~0-~_'-'__~Js>.P!Hen~~--R_(l_1_11_e_t_JllilJl.J~c'h_~ll.L\i_t_i~U_o_n. Belief lhat clv,ell·infJ un'its an:: cletel·iol'dLed to th(: po·int \vhere rehabil'itation is no lon~)et' economica'lly l'ed';ible fonns the~ bt.ls·is for i.his o!J_jective. ~!h'ile star;' surveys concluded that the 111ajor·ity of llousinu i11 l.ho neifJhborhood vmttld not justify i.llis appr'u\l<:il, titere are ind·iv'illual dwelling units and pethnps ~;mll'll cluster·s of det<~rior-at(~u housin(J unHs vJ!1c~rc it might be appl"Opriatc. LAND USE Introduction -·---···-·-- -·----- Originally, this plan \'-las ptesented to the publ·ic for l"eViei'J vJith four· alternative ·:und usc: pbns. �Alternative Nulllber l was a land use plan based upon the present zonhru class"ific<•t·ions in the nt'iUhborhood and was included to compare the recol!1ll!ended pr·oposals \'lith the exist·inCJ zon·irr~J. i\Hc"i'rrati·Jt~ Hutnber 2 represented the existin~ land use plan for' the ne·iult!H)l'hood as it 1'/tl~.; <rpprovc:d ·in F_}_<t_n __ '_'):i, the city's CO!!tpr·ehensive plan. Altetnative Number 3 plirced cxi.st'inu uses "irrto land use Ccttcqui··ies ,,,,1idnu i l: il ~.tatusquo alter·nutive. Alter1rative t!Uillh~r· 4 \·1·1S th(~ Ol'·iuinzil stuff pr·opost:!l~; fnr th(: ianci t!sc pliln. lt repr-esented a blending of ideas sltO\vn on tile other· all.L~r·nttt"ives unJ included sollll.' expttnsioJt t1f' titc~.i2 t:urlCl:pt.s. Following a series of public meet·rnus vntn L.iH~ r:,u· i:tt~;L Lctl'it.t:ltl.c. :'"IJ' uhi"':.·.t P,:·,:;,;ci~.<c·;,;:; ,;;;d !·!::ijil:urlioor! c()llllllittee of the Plannin<] Collllllission, these fom· allurnatives \'10\'G t!'iSCd\'detl as tllL~Y 1,i<:~l'(c i·i···:;i: prupuSL~d. A fifth alternative \vas developed thut incorporated ·ideas of the Nei~Jhho\"huod ,n,~;soci<ltioll iind f··!c~i~:l!borltood Co111mittee. This alternutive is presented in this preliminat'Y plan for' f·litnwin<J Cl)illliii';siolt adopLiun <:nJ forv;arding to the City Cottunission. LovJ density residential land u~;es are reconunendcd for most of the neiuht,m·hood. Th·is del-ineation s·imp.ly recognizes that the dourinant land use is sinCJle-fanri.ly residentia·l. T/r(~ nciQltbol'ltood n~:;·idc~nt:; tl1i.1t participated in the development of the plan vie\'/ tl\(~ lm·J density residential cltat"•1CL~r of' the neisJhborhood as a positive aspect and would like to see it nrahrtd·incd. Medium density residential uses are desi<]natecl fot' tvJO areas of the nei~1 hborhood. Fitst, the <tl?d cast of Harper Street on the north side of East ·19th St\·eet is shovm for t:his tl~>e. Thi:; us(~ ·is intL;mic:d to buffer the low density residential iH'ects frotn the lltnre intens·ive la11d tEt~s to the sulllh and (~<t::;t; (i.e. auto salvage yard, fait~F'Ounds and industr-ial plant). Edgewood Homes and the property ·iltlll!ediately to the' south vms a·lso desi(Jfliltcd h1r tiiL:diutn ci(:rtsH.v n~:~idt!ll­ tial use. In part, this vias done to reflect the existinCJ uses, hOVIC:VC(', it ·i~; dho intc:IH.!ed Lo sc:f'Vl~ ilS a buffer to the more intens·ive lane! uses to the south itnd vN~st. In i!ddi tion, Lt.. affic at i:he ini:er·:;ect-ion of East 19th and Haskell /\venue can be expected to increase in the futur·e. Impl(~!tlentation of this Land Use Plan cou.lcl, in par·t, be uccnmpl·islied 11ith the r<~J:Olrin~J of :-;evcr·i\·1 ct!'e.:ts to a district consistent v1ith the prudotninrlllt LmJ ll';t.:. fot' exalllp.lr;, F<til'filx itnd llr~lnlont /\cldiL·ion·; (ec1st of llaskell Avenue and north of 15th Street) are pn·~;Qntly zoned fot tllt:lt·ip.lc:-fctllli.ly use C!VI::lt Litotl~Jh the existin~J housing stock is 9/f pt:l'Cerrt sinule-fi..tlnily th·Jellin~JS and the pLtn's Pl'O]lUs:r"l ·i~; fot· hJ\-.! dc:nsity residential. It 111ay, thr:~refore, lw desirab1e for the Plann-inu or City Coilllttission Lo ·initial:r:~ l'<C>Zon·in~ procedures for those pi.lrts of the 1w·iufrhorhood vtln:::n.: tire ex·istin9 L:Jnd use und Ltild us.:; plun ili'C h:ss intensive than the cunent zoning. 4 - ;: �Rezoning of the Fairfax and 8eln10nt Mditions toll lm·:-density rosirlc:nLizd distxh:t \'Jould ing consequences: l. 2. 3. havt~ i:IH~ l'ol"lm·J- It vJould make tt1c zoning consistent with the pn~donrinant land usc in the atea. 1\etiiOVing the mu-ltiple-family zoniwJ tn,ly reduC(! l:he elt~lilent of llllt:t~r·L,,ii1ty i.l\·lnt•t' occup:HJL~; p1·escntly have about what typf~ of de:volopment activity could occur in their· <1i'C'i.l. ln tun1, U1is chr1n(j(~ coL:lci bCCO!!!e 2 '.:Tt?Jl_y-,·1· t'n!' r>nrr\11!~,:\0inCJ prn!lr'r't.y 0\'llWI''-: to n~!labilitili:e ;,nJ llld·in'L,'lilt tltc:;c~ i:Xi:;tiii<J stn:ctures. This is one of Ute prilltilr'y oiJ.h~ct'iv(~S of the plan. The lots in these subclivis·ions ~Jc~nera'lly or·e tJO' x '130' (G?.OO sql!iH'P. feet) v:lticit llli1kc~s LileJti sll!Jst<:nclard in size. Under l'.l!e non-confornrinS) use provisions, existinu re';iclenti<!l sLl'!icl:un:·; could b<:~ rebuilt on these substandard lots if they \•J('l'e Je·:;troyed by f·ire or· an i\ct of C:Jd. Undev<~lopr'd lots, hovwver, would not 111eet th<:~ minilliUill lot size I'Dqu·irelllent for a ~;i11:llt~-f<unily r·es·idccnc:e ("Jcn 1rith i:ile allO\•Jed 20 percent reduction for exist·ing lots of reconl. COllllll e r c i a l and I ndust~~ i a l ------·--~---------------·-·· Two a!~eas are designated for COillll\er·cial and/or industriill uses. !3oth itr·ea:; ill'c: idc:nti fi;~d IJ,\~;cc! upon their existing land uses and surroundin~J ·land ust~~;. The ·indust!~ial itr'ht in t:l:r.: t·lortllVJc:;t contc·l" or till: neighborhood is p!'ililiH'ily developed ivith the City CM'd<]e und Haintc:nunu_. Shops. 1\n c::xistin~J <.tul:umob·ile t~epu·ir shop and salvave yard 'is located di!'ect.ly <;ouL!J of t!ds an~a. IIO\'H:Vc!r·, it l1.1s sc:vcn~ liniitations fot' industr'ial usc because of a droinaqe \•lil.Y thi.tt lintits the Guildiih.lr; i1r<:•L The;'c!forc, it has not been included in the industrial ared. colllili<~!Acial and l·itJilt indw~lr'·it.d uses dtc~ pr·uposc:d. Future development in this ared shou-ld be cons·isU:nt v;ith the uses it nov·/ lias; il.lllk.ly, \','iJl't.dwu~;in~J, VJlwlesaling, construct·ion off·ices, de. In the soutlMest corner of tile J1ei<Jllborhood, a Ill'iX or Public and ~asi-Public -·-·---------- --~--------------- Public and quasi-·public land u·~es sllovm on this plan inc-lude tile tlin:e cemeteries, the llun1ane Society and Eust Heit]llts School. \<lllile addHionul pub'Jic and quasi-pub·l·ic ust~:; are iW\J lo:..:;:!l:ed in l:lte nc~i~)hborhood, they are 1110re ·in1pennanent in nature ond intef)l'ate v:ith their· ~;un·ounditi~J use:,. Tllel'ei'orc, they were not identified on this land use plan. Future expansion of Oak Hill Ct:ltletery 1·1ill be nece~;sl!!'.Y for the City. :;0111e land has aln:iidy !;<::Ul acquired not'th of the cc111etery fot' this puqJOse, but additional et.:piu:sion ·in t:lri~i diroctiotl i'; ,.,~:;Ll'icl:t'~c! by the flood plain. TlierefOI'e, futuJ'e expansion should be di!'(~cted to tile east. �East Heights School facrlities an: expanded v1ith this plan. Curn·ntly, Lhe ~~chuul s"itc~ is ilLHJt!t ten acres short of recommended size, based upon standanls set fol~th in P"la,1 '95.1 Exp.titsiun ~·JsL Lll i·laple Lane vwulcl add approxitnately tvw acres to the s"itl~. \·lhile tlds \'IOU'!'J-ri·O-Ciw·in~J it into Cl)ltfonttance vlith rC>cntllllle>ndP.d sti1nclarcls, COIIlbininq it vlith p;:,rks ctnd open spaces iHijilCL!nt. to the si tc VIOU.Id el illlina::e deficiencies thul nov; exist. ii::;\1(.:~-, f'.:;cnit·l~s Pli!nPin~J f1i;"r•r·hn· fm· t:IJe l.ovn·ence llrl'if'ied :·;cl,o,)-1 D·islxict, \,;;s conf'int!c·J tl1Jt inadequate playground facilities nov1 exist at the school. In th0 pa::t, the Sc!,ool li<Ji'!r'd COliS'i(Jcred site expansion to the east, liOVIever, no prim··ity ~>chedule v;as estahl·isil\:!d. lhl!f"l::fo!'.~, liil·i-IL· U:t~ pian proposes an expans·ion of the school site, it can on.ly be accolnp1 islted U1r·ouuh itCtiun', oi: th(: Sc\wo·l Hoard. l~cn !\linear park and open space nehJOlok anchon:d by l\1·ook Street and [c!tjC'Itlou hn·b is de'l it:eaLt:d by this land use plan. It is preclicatecl ttpon the concr~pt of maintainin9 tl1e llt·ook Stl't:et and /\.T. !~ '.).i=. Tributaries for open space and drainuue purpose:;. Tlte~;c: dcsi9nated al~cc<i<':, cnt-ruspond with tile 100-yc:<~r f"lood hn z a r cl a rea s t ha t vier e ·j de n t if i e d iJ y Fed e ~~a ·1 s t ud i r: s f o r the ci t y . The city purchased ten vacant lots along the \'if.~st s'icle of Gn)Ok Strc:1:t ,;eVL!l'it.l yca1·s ;_,~JO h.~caw;e of the drainage p1~oblem within the area. In effect, tlli~; p"lan expands t!'!t" (:~>i:ttb'!-i:;hed opt:n :";pace: patter·n dnd links it with the en'liltged scltool facilH·ies cl"iscusscd pn;viously. Imple111entation of this plan vtoulJ ·jnvo·lve the t1cquisHion of i:ippr·nx·iln<tLely l:'.-Jenty-f·ivc' cl\·:0,11 i11~l units along ~laple Lane and Brook Stn:et. f\atlll,l' tlt<Jn iiiiiiiCd·iate disp-li1C(~IIIt;nt of !wu~;cho.l<is, iL ·is il !'(~COIIIII!cnda­ tion of this plan that the city pu1ocllase pr·opedy as it becollles iiVttilah!t!. lll iHld-it·ioll, evu·y effort should be 111ade to relocate the d1·1el1ing units vritltin the ne·i9h!Jorhuod. ~1inor aY'tetial streets Jesi<]nated on the plan inc'ltrdc Eleventh, Fii'tecttt.h, 1-hrtetcenth, i1t1d ll,1skcll Avenue. Collector streets inc.lucle llctrper Street, Nineteent.il Street east of ll;n·pc~r, Tililo'Lt~t:nth Strc~c:L ctild Oilk llill /\venue. ·1. Lawrence-Douglas County Plannin~J Collllllission awl !~on Jones ilncl 1\ssociilt(:c~;, t"lan__'_~]_S, f\ YJ<tnni_n~L_Ciu_i_cjg f_o_r___:tl~ ___L_0.~1_!:_~_0S_E~-~_!_(~jl_LJ2J_5::JQ_9_~i, 1977, p. 11-B. 4 - i) �TRANSPORTATION Most Far East Lavwence residents l'ely on car·s or 1notorcycles for their· princip-le 111odc: of ti'<.mspor·tut"ion. 1--/alking and bicycling are also recognized as i111por·Lunt modes of trcui·;pottat"ion for ti1t: nt~iulii)OI'hood. This section discusses streets, llicyclf~ \'ii.l.YS dllri '>idt:l•iil"iks Mid ll1\dJ S c,iJI\1(~ n~co::l\1\(;ndacions )'(~-ic<tive to capital improvements for these different modes of tr<1nspor·tation. 1 Chapter 3 contains infonnat"ion about the condition of streets in tile F11r· Ei.tst l_il\Wc:nce twiuldiOi'IIOocl. The nei ghborlwod survey indicates that F;w East Li!l-tr'ence residents an: geneta l"ly silt i ~; fi (~d \·Ji Lil th<: cond·ition of their streets. About sixty pr:rcent of U1e respondents fl~-lt o;tr'Cl~ts Here i\d(3qtt<.d:i~ or excel-1ent, v-1hi 1e 37 percent su·i d they needed illtfH'OVi"'ilC!Ilt. f<econunended ·impi·ovements identified on Fiuure ·1-? cio not imply pl'iOf'ILI(;s r·elai:ive to Ui<" ccst of Luv1rence. They relate only to those~ stceets 1·ri U1i11 tl1e Fi.lr E(tSt l.ii\·ii·c:nce r~t:ighhorho,Hi. Si:rC:t'LS r-econllllended for illlprovel!lent v1ete del-inedtc:d based upon t!It:·ir- existing COiiditiun, "lr:Vt:>l of u:;e and ~;u~J~:wsted stn:et classification. Prior-ity l stceets are Eleventh Street fro111 Oi'egon to Haske"ll; F·i i'tet:~tth Stn:eL fl"OIII the r·ai"ir'uac! tracks to Prospect; Nineteenth Street fr'OIIl the lllllnane Sucic:ty to tile c-ity li111iLs; Gullene /\Venue nc>l'th of Nineteenth to \<lard Avenue; !)rook Street Fr0111 Thirtec:ntl1 to Fifteenth Str'·:r:t; aiiCI ll,isl:ell /\vcn11e fro111 E"leVi'nth to Tv1elfth Street. It is suu9r~sted that these~ slxc:ets be given adrlitiona·l o;Ltld_y re~J<u·d·in\J ~;pccif·ic improvements and placed on a schedule for capiLtl ·illlproveillents. Chapter 3 also contains infonnution about sidevtaH conditions and Lh'"ir ·locdtion in tiH~ nci~Jh!Jorhood. According to the ne·ighborhood survey, t\,lo-thircls or the t"esponc!ent:; expressr:J a need for o(hl"itionJ·l side-walks and pri111arily focused on pt·oviding ped(;strian 21ccess to Ll!;t lle·iqhts School. F·igure 4-3 suggests so111e "locations for udditional ~;·idevJulks. These locations \-N~;·e d . =~i:c•l'lli·in:;d iJa:;ed upon street classifications, tr'affic volU111e counts, and ·l"inkages \•l"ith llliijcJi.. peclesti·i,'tii tr·ip uener'dl".urs. /\dditional side.valks are recollllllended for Thir·teenth Strc:et; Oak Hill /\vc•nuc;; Eliii'.-;ood be:·t:\·JC:.>I1 Oak J:i1l and Fifteenth Street; Harper Sti't:f.~t; one! Nirwteenlf1 ~Ll'(~et, except '.·lli(c:i·c ~;ide\,\tlk:-- e1:.ist. Undel" r::xistin<) city policic~s, sidevJa"lk co;istruction and llldintenitnc:~ L Lllc: r·c~spow;·iiJi"! ity ol' t.i1r' ptoperty ovmer. I111provelllents can occut on an i nd·i vi dtld ·1 basis \Fi th U~t propt~l·ty u'.·!IH~r· co11S iTttct i nq or <\ - 5 �I I rn provern c:n-r:; 1 !•' ·. · · · · [J,.! r-... ..... ~ +\ r I I\.) I It J ··-"···-- .. -· t ()r> 0 I I '-..- \_ T 1WO �l'• !J·y-~ r· r· ~~~J . uvcrnsnts �repairing sidev;alks adjacent to or on his property or· jo·int"iy thr'OUCJh crcution of /;O!il'i"it dist.r··ids. This Plan suggests that joint financin9 betvf(~en the~ City of Lav1rence and adjacent jH'Operty OI'IJit;r·s L~~ considered for those sidev;alks thut benefit a lar1Je portion of the ne·ighborliood. _13.icycle \<Jays l:.ach ot tt1e prev1ous neighborhood plans, once uclopted, v1ere deta·i led (llllend!Jit:rn:; to _1 _J;<n ... '.':! 1.i. ·ll:c:r·cfor·c:, bicycle planning criteria and design considel"ation~; for the neighborhood netv10rk (c:(j. di!s·i(jlliiLion'; of bicycle routes, lanes und trails) also apply to the city-wide network. 1 The ne·ighborhood bicycle net\vork is outlinQci on Fiqu1·c2 4-4. It consists prilllc1r·ily of L>icycl(~ l'OUl.es, mixed \vith several lanes ancl a couple of truils. Fo1· the 1110~;t part, tiH;se bicyc·le 1vays ,w,~ lcH:atcd on public rights-of-way althou9h several cross priv<tte ~··iqhts-of-\:Jil.Y Ol" jJl'Opc~rty. Bicycle routes share r·oadv1ays and tr·affic lanes 1'/il:h other· vehicular· t.r'cd'fic <uJd iii'(! di~;tinuuis/Jc;d only by signs designating the direction and extent. of tl1e routes. J(outes ~;ilmm on the plu11 ·inchJc!c Tirii'teenth Street , 0 a k II ill Avenue , ll rook Street , II a l" per S t n~ d , Eus t G1 en n Dt' i v e , Hu p 1 e l_ ilJW , l.l '11 h' 11 e i\ v c nt1 e , l. a Salle Street, Elmvwod, and Fourteenth Street. Bicycle lanes also share roach-;ays with vehiculi.n· li'dffic except they ar·e separated. TIJ·is scpiir'Cttion ·fs usually ilccompl-ished by stripiWJ or through phys·ic<,·l i111pedements such i\~; cudls m~ l'ui~;cd disk·;. Lanes are proposed on Thirteenth Str·eet vwst of llaskel·l 1\vc:nue and i.1lon9 FifL~t:nLli Stn~i.::t. 13icyc·le trails, which are con1pletely separate ft'OIII vc'hiculat or pcdesti·ian 1·1ays, <tt'C: ~,liCJCJi:Stt·d fot tvm locations in the neighbothood. One truil is propo!;ed tllrou9h Edgev:oocJ Pad~ to connect \Fitil tilt; r·outr:~.; on r~aple Lane and l3rook Street. Tho second trail Cl'o(;scs the A.T. 8.( S.F. f(;l·ilroad tnck'; nc<tr ~!iu'rl /\vconue and connects with Parnell Park. Hithout the aide of suppor-t prograrns, public expenditure for the COl\Sti'IJct·ion of [J·icy\:.lr.:; 1·1ay~; illi~Jht be futile. Various support proSJrcllllS could ·include: rt'quest·inCJ ri~Jhts·-of-vl<ty on pluL'; \·lilCi'r' pr(Jpo~;ecl b·icycle vJays cross unplatted, private property; incorpm·Jting bicycle \'li.\Y~~ itncl parl:.-ing ·i11to ti1c i't~vicvl of site plans; J COiliprelwnsivc SJf(~ty procjralll conducted in schools and adt(ll: ch·ivt;l'S (!dllci\tiun UHli':;c:::;; proposing und adoptiwJ nevJ legislation dt:alirFJ vl'iUt penwittud Ol' rc~stl·ictc;cl ~~;pued ·i·ililil:!; aloJI:J f!i~:;iqnilLed bicycle routes; and r·estricting Jccess to bicycle Ll·ans and lanC!S. tlr - B �OM; 1111.1. ctt.\( ILIW ' __ ... ..·-_..... _ F/\ F-< E /\, ST I r_,,\,\f; -,.' r:- '1., IC1:: l -.• I 'I ...... ,.·--"·· .......... ~r!Fu::~t ··:.t:. ·:•!: < I L-. \j ) ..___ :~,_~tli:i)!\UY .. 7,... f) "~Jt) ...~~-·---.;. -------- ----- . :;,.....--. --~----- �FAR EAST LAYJRENCE NE I GIH30RHOOD SUHVEY RESULTS fvletJ!O.StQ_logy: Preli11Jinary questions to be used in the survev \'/(~n~ !Jtc:p;~r·t:d by U,.:~ ~;l:df:f frn· l:ttr Fast LavJrence based on the previous surveys done for Lhe other tur~JC:t IH"i~ih\;oi'fwods. Rt.:pr<:::;i;,itativ("S ol' Far East Lawrence along wi tl1 Neighbodwocl f>'lan Co11unittee lllelnbcrs of UH~ L<n·n'encc~-DotHJla~; County fllann·iwJ Couunission reviewed these quest-ions and recollllllendecl revisions and <tcld·i c·iona·l questions l:o be included in the survey. During the Slllllll!er of 1979, CETA enlp.loyc:es fi"OIII Llw Plunn·in~J Off'iu~ ';lf:llt door·-to--do,Jr in Lhr~ nci~1h\lorhood to rundomly selected residential units in all four pL11111inu ilr'eas. In onlor· to obl:ilin rc:::pll!ISi:s fton; it cross-section of the ne·i9hborllooc! residents, an effort l'li1S llliHic to Udit.<.tct cVc'ry oi:l1c:r l'c:~;idt.'ilt·ii!l unit. r~esidents were contacted in the aftQrnoon and Cill'ly evening. The CET/\ v;cH'kers htlltl.!t:d out l:hc: Sllr'Veys and returned the follmvin(J dily to pick thelli up co111pleted. iJ - "J �Fl\n U\ST U\\·mE NC [ I~ [ l t~! IU OJ\ I!OOil Slll\ Vr· '.' . ----·· .. --·- -----. -------·· .. -- ..... -- .. - ···------- - ·- -· ---. ···-~- A. NEIGHBORHOOD PUBLIC FACILITIES AND SERVICES ---------------------------------------·---------- --- --------------- .. --- .. \~e v10uld like for you to think about itnd e'Jaluate the public lacilH·i,~s in yolli~ n~.:icJI\l)ur­ hood. This ~>Jill help the city in clecidinu I10VI to spc:nd pulJlic nltHl~Y for c:xpZlll'>ion CJI' 111aintenance. 1. \~ould you rate the fol1ol'ling ne·igliiHJl'li<wd facilit·ies EXC I~ L L EN T 1\RE/\ a. Sidewalks *2 3 **I! y- · ---, 2 I! I! ·1 ("'- 1\0.J: n.tl[I_'L~. i.!11d Streets t 23 39 I{ 22 37 ~' 18 '14 25 ,) 9il .i ----ii ·r i(r-.!()\-1 ') ') -. ·____-__- _,__,_).'_-_;~( -.J~,_...) __ r.·_,_G__ ._-_3-_:_/__r_· ____ - -__ -_,_-_:;___ i_:l_. I. 3<) ?5 tl 3B ~:J ;.~ 3 6 32 '16 {) lj o 26 n o I.~fil~[~-~~~l·o:-I!L?X[~D:~=I~:tC_J:xT_: :-~~n9_ '()/~}\) . ·----~-_(Jf.~;~n Street Lighting 2 ,,{. 3 3B ?G Ll? c~ ~) () ? 32 I] ?:; t()~<~~)~:~-~ )n·-·cr~o~rJ>_t=J.s):.}/I: d. DUi·-~ 2 ;~ c. iJ~,: N.... E[ -IJ~) I I···!:) PO---V~~i-·1C r!T ·.;,-t:·. -~---· ·iY_)_ ·(·?_'r..---i,.-) · _1.. .9_.:!_1 ___ .......... __ ,_.)_. ___ !:c ------ ... _ ..c.?_,_:··.. b. :;cl'Vicc::, Storm Drainage 1 2 26 2 3 4 "c. 39 ,) ,) J ? Jo I! 1]3 5'1 31 .., ,, r: 0 F,) '\') () ,) ,.) C) Cj 3 ~) 19 l~ ·in ( :JH . 7''',) - -- . (. • < ( ,..1 )' .(J,'· :·) ~l Ic?:tif-~~-~-- 9--(}ji~I_l):cC(~):,~<l:~o~ .. : :~:-~n:6J):'l~J:t.t :·:.-- :if:(~;-,));J e. Traffic Control ·1 2 3 t[ I) 1 ~i ·r·(·)--·t··:, .,.......... · -2- 1)__ , *Note: **Note: ~-c'------ :-w ·( -, ,· -1-~,-)-- -1--(- 3-.. (-6--()..~ ·:), ·,.. 1· -------' ______o_, ___~"_______ >._ ........ ....·l·!.:.. •) {. ') L 2 1? u ._ ·---~--_-~-,_·7· _____-(· ··.)__ .•_'!_--, -_._'-__·-.:_:·_).-. · .-. -_-.-. ..._ ·c·):·. . _: L. ·:( .-•.,.·_-. i,,·_., 1,, ) _ r. Edgevwod Homes is included ·in /\n~J 2 ulculat·ions. Spccif·ic r·iq1n·c:s tJil Edt_~'.'\!OC;<i li:JiiiC:s results are available. ..... untry Vievil~oh·i'le liniiiC~ Pi.ll'k ·is ir:c;'iudl~d in /\t't;a ~ Ci_t.i•.:u·:.:t·j,;n';. :;c:pitl'il'Lc (·i·:JI:r'c::' l!il the 111obi'lc llolllc l:>lil'k arc ilVil·il:.lb.l::. �-?./\f(E/\ f. Trush Pickup 1 15 Ll,5 2 19 t11 J (i 3? :) I) l II, 3 17 4 16 :r:o:t.5-i~r~=:-=-:~rJ g. Fire Protection DON : T EXCELLENT Elementary School i . Police Protection l7 15 22 39 3/ 28 (.' II 0 :) 4 [3 30 ij li3 ll 40 g 33 34 8 4 4 36 :(oi~i'' ~~-=:. _3:1 ~ (1.2) l~{J~-~T~.3~Is.$: ~:~:·.o. Parks & Recreation 15 fl B 7 11 ., ? 1 2 3 4 I) l 2 2 6 i0 ':) 2 n n 39 0.J 39 ?7 2i3 1') E ?0 4 7 3 3 Tgt(!_(==~-~~~n: :C1:s:~:(j:~(L~TJ.::(J~I::0';) Snow Re111ova l ,- :. ~-·:_:B:I:f.Yn:·~-~-:~:-~/f) :o>:.:;f·~;,) 1 2 2 3 4 k. L. 1 2 3 _ j. u ') ::{( :::<~() ~::.-~1}9:-: G~::r: -xt,-y ---- ;i ;,- T~::-~i-·.:.; t0Ir;t:=:=~~-~Gi I?::>:.~l }~C=I~:iCJ~!f)~D h. i~! !0~1 :.. :·,~ :(J{{ji)· -- · ·· ·/ c; fi~o. :h::) ___ . :>0:J:2)jLO:~:·~-:·JI .u,:r~:;:J _ :w 1/ 2() 1/ F> i3 6 ill ?;J -·· -l :n · !l 10 (lf-r.··l =r--t:-:--1-------Q·--~-~f-it')·-----6·9·-·o-h··-3·,,} :,~~--e~K--c··,--~·· ..C... .'d. . . . . _.. _ .. :. ____ .__;_, __-"-'.... -·· .•. JU ____ .:~.--. _)_::J . ........ (;(_I .. I.. .. _• _.).:: __O___t\_____····-·--J··j, l. /\nima 1 Contra 1 2 3 3 3 4 (. - -·- -----· ------·-··- .... -· -· --- ·- 23 () 26 24 ::.1 10 .. - ...... --. -·-·-~ J:_o_:t_it_l __________ _l__3 _( s_._<~). ···---~?_j_l_7_:_l_·;:J. ., a - .) ,. 2 .. ·: ~~~ :3- __( -~--~~-. _\)>~·. ). . -· �/\1{ [/\ 111. Litter Control EXCELLENT l NEUlS l!WiWIJEHCNT DON' .......... 34 3 4 J 3 5 2 :11 n3 u 1 2 4 2 41 I~ 3 4 4 2 30 39 2 J:.f'iO\·~ --· 3G Ic):ti0=~~~J~~c(:s:;)·£L=·-~-=1z:~~J~?-:3:~T~f:) n. Noise Control _t;;i~J:·:=~:·:1f:(:~c:C):~.)~·.~~=I4}(~Cf{o~::9:0: 2. l (j I (i :~ ···- ?;' ·:(ff:s~::,1:. :·: :~.1 . , ·:cl:~:s:0.:) If you mat'ked uny of tlw r.1bove "needs ·i111provr:~rnent" ple,lse ~~xpLtin wi1<1C t11e :;pecif·ic problellls are: a. Sidewalks: None - 70 Not enou~Jli - 311 Poor condition - 0 red f~ s t r i an s i n ~; t r c e t - 6 Need fol' chi l dr(ctl - 5 b. Streets: Poor condition - G:3 Too nanov; for l:rt~ffic - G Inadequate t·epuit· (sl01v, 111essy) - 4 No curbs - J Inadequute for bicycles - 2 Blind corners - 2 Parking congestio11 - 2 c. Street Lighting: Need 111ore, espccitilly ttJid-hlocks - 52 None - lJ llepair - 3 d. Storm Druinage: Insufficient- 19 Ditches need to be clE:anecl and mov1ed - 11 8asements, yards, etc. flood - 7 None - 4 f·iec~d ston11 SCI'It:t·s - 2 Chanue zonintJ (r\~dtict~ or floodplii'ili) .. ? il - i! �~· .. II e. Traffic Control: Spccdi ng - 17 Need Ilion; con tro ·1 s and enforce1nent - ·1 0 Pal'king- 2 r)roviclc bicycle lanes and paths - 2 l 3th & 1 ~) t h S t r· c~ c· t ~; us f~ d r! s d r a rr; t r i p -· ? f. Trash Pickup: ~iessy - 7 I nctdequct Le - i] Inconsistent - 2 g. Fire Protection: Need more personnel und hydrants - 2 h. Ele111entary Schools: Need good teachers- 3 Nl!ed busses - 2 i. Police Protection: Need Ilion: patt'oh - 15 Non,..existent - 5 Needs 1110re protection - 2 l•lc<:cls improvenlent- 2 Poor attitudes - 2 j. Parks & Recreation: Not enough- 12 Need IIIOrt~ recrc~ation & shelters - 8 Pilrk facil itic;s c~re unequa·l tln'OU0hout the city- 3 None - 3 Needs utcJVJing & pest coni:r-ol - 2 City plov1ed up tl1e center of a Slllall pilrk on Cl eun up the p<lrl:s - 2 k. Snow Removal : Po~;:cr~; Inadequute - 39 Sl01·1- 17 Non-existent- 15 B'locks alleys, dr'ives, cars- 13 He're a ·low priol··ity - 6 1'\elllOVe be !'ore pticked - 3 Encouraue peoph~ tu clear their· Corner·s - 2 a - c.> side~·1alks- ;: - 2 �.. r· ,) - l . Animal Contra 1: Loose anin1a 1s - G'l J\n·iJna1s in trash - ·15 Need 111ore contro-l & enforcements - 7 Hu1111.1ne soci <:ty pool'ly organized ~~ I'll II - ,1 Skunks - 2 l3arkinCJ dogs - 2 Non-existent 3. m. Litter Control: People l ittc:r tlw s trec~ts - l 0 Trashy houst~s and l avms - 9 /\n·imals in txasll - 7 Crl'i I cir·en - ? Need ·1 Hter pt'rwlties enforceu - 2 n. Noise Control: Loud lnotors - 26 13etl'k·i ng dogs - 5 Cll i l clr·en - 4 Tr'ucks - 3 C.F.C./\. - 3 Are you satisfied with the manner in 1vhicl1 the City has !wen <:pl~ndinq Cull!IIIU!l'ity Devc~·lop111CIIt funds in t11e past fe1v years? 1\I~E/\ -· 4. ') L --~---· -·--·~-·------ - - -r a. Yes 25 b. No 22 20 l9 3 4 19 '17 '18 19 Toti.ll ---- ----------·· ----·-------------~- - -· H4 G2.B 75 t]J. ;! The follovJing space is intended for you to comlllent on ho1·; you h~t?! conHnun·i ty development funds in your· nei uhborhood. Hit:! Improve parks & recreation fac'i'lities (e<;pecially for' cll'ildrc:n) Street repair & improvements Improve sidev1alk conditio11s Grants & lo1v interest loans for llous·inu & ne·iyllborhood relic~hi.l itation Mass transit Iuqwove drainage sys te1ns Need 111ore street l·i uhts Incr"ease & ·improve police protection & coope;-ation in F.E.L. a - G City shu11.ld i>e ';p(~ilding ill !' 11 t.O 20 11 "l) J �- Ci- Profllote commercial fac-ilities in F.E.L. (~JY'ocery, hank, post 01Tice) In1prove snmv re111ova l I111prove relutions with the city & all F.[.L. l'esidents Nei g hbol'hood c ·1 ea n -up progl'illllS .., Prolllotr collllllttnity invo·lvc~lllt:nt .; Need bicycle paths I111provc: Edgewood facilities Encout'age & assist in Y'CJit.:vJabl e n~sout·ce t.:lle;·qy Need more trees in mol)'ile home parks Eust Lawrence Center costs too 111uch l. l~ould a. l - l 1 I 2 nri frorn your ho111e 5-10 blocks l-4 blocks 3 sy~. LelliS '· ? you like to have neighbO\'hood convenience shopping (~;lief! as SF'OCC:r'·ies, dn!U';, restuurants) within: ··-- _2______ 3............1.... AI<E/\ b. c. :s 2t1 2/ l 15 27 22 25 23 4 ll 18 __ _r_o_Lil L ....... _·,-; 36.3 1\:J . g l C) • () E,,~;t 2. Do you feel that additiona·l collllilen:ial l'i.tcil ities are nc;r:dc:d in or 11c:ar tile Far Lawrence Ne·i ghborhood? a. Yes b. No 3. Please conHnent on your ilnsv1er to Que~;t·ion #2. If you iln~;\·ler-ed ye~;, plc~ase i11dicate the specific locations for and types of cormnercial fuci'l"itie:; thut you vmulcl ·!·ike to see developed. 20 111 3fl 28 10 ')I" L,) CJ:} 3[3 30 137 40.4 !)9. (:j Yes: Need a co111petit:i ve gt'ocery store vJitll 11 i <Jil quality shop~; ( i ~tel ucl in~! l"C'S ti!Ul'i.tnl:s, post office, l1anhvare, book stores, drug ~;ton;, bank, clc~pdl'i:llll~nl ~~tnt'C', ·lt~lltidi·un:i.il:~;, L!\(:.tl:i't'S, etc.) Hini-plaza at ll;l.sh!l.l K '!9th cou.ld offccl' !\lore (has a lot ni' Vi'lcant spuce) ~·!er.•d a ~)as station out this \'iit.Y it - 7 jl) I·; ) .J �-, ,_I- Need recreational facilities (i.E'. lwv1lin9, skatin~J, ett:.) Need a discount store (K-Mart, TGBY, etc.) Need fast food restaurants North of 15th Street l3uilditllJ the "111all" in r.t::.L. Facilities for the eldet'l.Y '> .) ., ,) ,., No: Established conHuercial ureas are c·lo~;e enou~h This area is not suituble (space, t'Oilds, resident-ial cht~racter') Brings in more traffic, noise, litter Develop downtown 4. Do you feel there at'e ·locations v1ithin industrial developtnent? a. b. 5. Yes No p·J ease conunent on your ilnSvJer to 2 3 4 30 6 3B 34 32 Que~;ti 1s ,, () ') '· near yout' nei·JhbodwocJ snitabJ,, fnt" ilddHioltill Ot' ME/\ ('ti l2 Tnta 1 - ... --· -·- ~ -· ;, ~--- ·-· . 27. ~l 72.7 on /14. Yes: Expand 19th & Haske'Jl PlaZCl Okay but not near residential areas There ilre vacant areas oll at'ound r.E.L. Light industrial is okay In North LiH·Jrence North of ll th S Lt'eet Along the railroad tracks In Ho!lle\•JOod Ganlens East on K-1 0 Hiyli~·Jay 9 5 3 3 ') {. ') '- 2 No: Not suitable in n:sidential area There is enough (C.F.C.!\.) iio aclequ<Jte spuC(~, r·oads, etc. 3G 2<1 �- B- C. tJOU~JJLG__~_Q_N_QliJ_Q_~~s. 1. 1-10\11 long have you lived in Lawrence'? /\REI\ ------ ') -·-- ·--. L. ') ,) b. c. d. e. Less than one yc:at to f-ive years Five to ten years Ten to tv1enty- five years Over tv1enty-fi vc: years 2. Ho1•1 1ong have you lived at your present il dd a. b. c. Less than one year One to five years Over five years 14 3'1 ?.1 3. How much longer do you p·l an to live in Llvln.:nce? i.l. c. Less than one year· One to five years Over five yea l'S 4. Hov1 a. Less than one year One to five years Over five years a. b. b. c. 5. ~j One IIIUCh I H 1l 35 l2 2G 3!). 3 21 le> 'i i' . 'l· 9 19 F,) 5 ,- •!.i J 27 l 0. C) 23 2/ ~)() :31,! • g l7 7 Cll- /.:) • .I b. c. c. Excellent Good Fair Poor 7 12 25 23 3!~ b B 1]7 36 1:3 :H\ lri s i.1 .. 9 p () u if.,,) r:•) ,;() 2 ') . () {I? ,_ JG.2 1un. Li l) . C) 'l'i 119 'l (;2 6. '] 19.9 /!l .0 ..) {_ () Fa·r' East L <l'iH' enc e Ne i CJh!Joi'lwod? 8 Hl n 9 ?4 26 77 37 31~ 25 llll ll 30 21 G r-..;-· r c s s '? [l (i tllC~ - - l 0. C) C) Overa-ll, v/Ou·l d you say the concli t'i or1 of the house or live is: a. -- - - 5 l5 6 \'1 - - ~~ B 3 15 1G 45 Tn !~ . i -l·- II n longer do you plan to l i ve in A 'I 24 25 ilpitl'l.IIICI1t :)s le'il 5 7 3 ~i l7 1 .) 15 ,, r·c· .)~ 9.9 :r1 .H 5rJ.3 in 11hi ch you ?'l . 11 ~~~) ;~ .u ::l. 0 r· .0 '' :) �1\RE/\ --- -----·· --· ---- ··-· 6. Improving Stable Uetr.t'i orati n<J If you rent, hov1 a. b. c. d. e. lllliCh [J b. c. d. e. f. g. ,YI)Ul' iii1!M!diat.c lH.··i~Ji!IJoriwod ,.,) 2 ~) 24 9 l0 l'O 27.lJ 3~i 32 34 311 i:l') r->s. 3 10 <) 7 , Under $99.00 $100.00 - $150.00 $150.0D - $200.00 $200.00 - :c2so. oo Ovet $250.00 Under $99.00 $100.00 $150.00 $150.00 - $200.00 $200.00 - $250.00 $250.00 $300.00 $300.00 $350.00 Ovet $350.00 Total X -· ----·--·-·-·- 1s ;1·1 '·1 I l G. B is your 11\0nthly r·en t, ·i ncl udi ng uti.lities? If you mvn your ho111e, how taxes and insurance'? il. 9. 3 you say that the general conditi(Jn of housing in is presently: c. 8. 2 ----·----------------··· ~Jould a. b. 7. -----~ i ,_') G ll '1 IIIUCil 11 l5 g 2~ '1 n 16. J 'f l 13 ?9 'D .9 2 5 7 {'() ., C) • ;:> 7 is your JHontll1 y r· 2 (i 0 l 0 lllOitg;:HJC: 13. !) 23 .., pclyl!lelll:, i 11Cl1!d i ng 20 . ;! 7 3 6 7 9 n 30 7 7 /(' ., ::~ . ~) r·,) 4 4 2 J .) 'I 1 l 2 2 F.) G 12.6 5.0 ?. l ,) ~· () (j J ') {_ 9 4 1- G 4 ~II lG 13. ·1 2rJ. ') l. S.ll In the nei ghboi'hood in 1t1hi ch you ., i ve, do you present"ly fh·l? a. b. c. That ctbout the right nw11ber of people ·1 i ve theri~ 110\•/. GO That more people could live thet'e co1nforta b l y. 5 That it is ovetcrowcleu nov;. 5 45 IJ.B 1)2 6 0 13 1] ll 6 1qt• . ..) ~) "') { L 'J\) ',, 79.G s.n 1 ·1 • 11 jlr'OjWJ'ty �- l (] - 10. There are a number of housing types in t!Je Far Eust Lu\'it·ence Nciuhbor·hood. Tll(!';t• include single-fami"Jy houses, apartJJJt.:nts and JnobilE~ honks. \·Jh·icli statcn1eni: L'Xpl·essl:s your opinion? a. b. c. like to, Ol' vmuld 1ike to, 1 i v e in an area VIi th a VJr'icty of housing type~; . jl',) 13 n 26, r1 12 6? 1ike to, or \'IOU lei like to, l·i ve ·j n i.ln areu VIi til only s ·i ngl e- fi.11ll'i ly lwus i ng. 1)1] Ei·: 32 40 35 64.3 l ike to, or VIOU l d like to, '] i v t: in an li r·ea vri th 0111 y a pd r· LIIH'Il t 'i Ol· i!IOII i I c lJ Oil! C S '> () 11 0 2 l '7 None of the above expn~s ses Illy opinion. Please ex p l <I i 11 bel ov1. ., r·: i) 5 0 7 7.1 {._ cl . Like F.E.L. single-fanl'ily (estabhshccl inteurity) Need variety v1ith spuce bet\·teen t.he111 Prefer rural area No more devel oplllent like 15th & Jlr·ospect ll. b. c' cl ' e. 12. A nev1 apartment An il pat' tment vii th·i n an older home A duplex An older- house (singlefa111ily) !\ new house ( s i ng l e- f and 1y) 0 7 3 ? I prefer livinu in: Hhich state111ent expresses your opiniun? il. ll 5 3 9 3.7 0 2 () () 2 0 6 0 0 6 .8 2. /] 1)3 32 H3 29 122 119.6 24 21 34 2B l 07 43.5 Assuming that uoverrn11ent subsidized housinu for lovi inco111e pcopli! and tiH: (;Jdet·ly \"il'l be built, do you think it should bu: r ov1 sections of the city H) 15 17 10 52 22 '7 city, inc-luding your nei gll!Jor·llood '177 <16 ~!2 30 49 77 '3 a. Co nc en t t'a ted in one of just a b. Distributed through the , �-11AREA D. 2 3 4 Total TRAN S._P 0 RT A]lQ_N_ l. Do you m·m a car? a. Yes 55 513 "- 233 b. IIU 1-J u ;:) 9.0 2. If yes, how many? a. b. c. One 3';.. 31 2'' _lJ 27 23 14 T~t1o 32 ·1 Qil l Ol rd fl3 '3 3 10 20 4 2fi 10.3 () 2 2 0 '1 1.7 31 31 30 1?7 S0.2 35 23 LJ.6 ~9.8 222 hi. 3 2. ·1 7.9 ( d. Three Four 3. Do you own a bicycle? a. b. Yes No 4. \~hat a. Car Gus Hal king G·icycle Motorcycle Other b. c. d. e. f. 5. .-l(. ,),) ,. 3 lJ g·j 4~ ,0 .6 is your principle mode of transpottation? G''.) 51 ] 2 3 13 G J .I 9 4 6 53 0 2 0 1 0 55 0 6 2 7 1 () 23 li' l 5.B ~ ,) ~j. \) 2.7 u 2 Hhat are sor:1e of the most set·ious prol)lems that you face \·1hcn you travel vrititin the neighborhood? Children playing in street Careless dr·ive?t's, pedestrians, bicyclLts, Poot street conditions Too 111any pat·ked cat·s on street f',;lillluls in sti·eet t' side\':alk conditions :) ;.;.:ed ·j nrJ i.l ·- l ;' jo~)gets �--l ?- None Ulind corners (brush, cars, etc.) No street lighting SlovJ snow rer11oval Fear ilftcr dark No mass transit system Tr·a ffi c 16 l f~ n 6 !i l3ikiny conuiLions I. .J Heavy tr·uck traffic Broken glass Corner of 19th & llJs ke ll School traffic congestion E. INFORMATION ABOUT YOU AND YOUR FAMILY ---·----- -· ------------------· ------------·/\REA 2 3 1. vi hi c h a. f. 15 - 24 25 - 34 35 - 44 45 54 55 64 65 and over 2. Hhich category does your housho'ld i ncorne fa 11 '? a. b. e. f. Under $4,000 $4,000 - $6,999 $7,000 - $9,999 $10,000 - $14,999 $15,000 - $24,999 $25,000 and over 3. How many a. One b. Two c. Tlit·ee b. c. d. e. c. d. d. 4 Total is your age 9 t'OU p? pl~op1 12 1il ., 0 l ..,), 12 (I () e de rend on this i 8 ., G 36 l 3. 7 24 7 ., 1]3 30.B 9 9 9 r 0 ']() CJ (J 12 .) 4 ., J/ :!9 ?7 16.3 14. l ·1 t1.H 10.3 3 23 ., 0. 30 13.6 Jf.) 14 GO ·1 I .I ?7.3 2'1 .I! 14 12 13 11 ll.l Ill 21 1 17 s 2 '12 l5 2 4 21 14 G 15 9 17 2/ '15 l 3 4 7 f~, 1:3 ll 5 n ') '- Ill ?.1 ~; l) . ~) nCOIII(~ '[ (I J Ll ,} 26 1,)'\ 1B 2 1{ 29 ')' [l - ., 3 n .... ) ,-, .) c::: .n fl 4 ·l i'l 13.7 ')(l 'J L ~;ll • l ~) . :;. -~ .\~ .J �-· I 3- e. f. i. 2 9. Five SiX Seven () ?. II. Eight 0 0 4. Do you derive a pr.1rt of your· inco1nc h'OIII supplen1ental sources, sucll as your· parents, scho'larship, social security, or v;elfar-e? 7 •") 4 l 0 4 I l6 6.G i) '-· •.J () •) () ') 1- .0 I. 0 a. Yes H 32 6 b. No 53 32 41 5. What is your occupation? a. n 6 4 8 4 2 3 1 k. Professional Management Clerical Sales Skilled Sern i-s k ·j ll ed Unemployed fh~ti red Student Hon1ema ker 0 ther 6. f\1~e a. b. Ycs No 7. Are there lilellllJers of your househo.ld tl1ilt are curTently E:illJ•loyed hut i.tct·iv(;ly b. c. d. e. f. g. h. i. j . 6 5 ,_') n p l H1 t. ·r 3 lH 6 3 5 0 g 2 9 lf 0 l 1 ;~ 2tl.7 71 . 3 5 30 n.::> 0 3 l!f "13 G.:) !) . g 1 22 12 2 5 7 ') l. 2 ..) ,--: (f ,_u ..... l) ·1 G. l '!.! '!'! .2 ., 4.0 j. 1 ,. J there members of your household that Jre pt'esently UIH~inployed and sec:k·in~J a job? 6 GO ll 52 9 41 l2 50 ~-:iH 2U3 Ei .n fl•1 . 2 seeking a better job? a. Yes b. No lll 413 a - l i: '19 i[4 ll 4B ll ......) ~ l J•J r, 'J 1··,,-, ' I:; 2·1 . ~) i' !) . i �[~\![\___ ----- 8. _L . ____?_________ } ___ _1_. y_:._ --· Please list the ages of children livinq ~·lith you 1•1ho are under" tlw ils.Jt: iU. One l.> T1vo 4 Three () r Four 7 9 4 lj Five Six Seven Eight Nine t. len ',_> Lj Eleven l 2 2 4 ') Lj Twelve Thirteen f="ourteen F·i fteen 9. ---·-' g C~lL _ ___ ') L •) 4 2 4 2 5 ,) tj ., 5 Sixteen Seventeen G l 3 4 Eighteen () 0 r·.) 1s 3 l0 4 ll 5.0 I IU IJ • ~·, ., t. 3 5 ,) 1 5 3 4 0 G 3 ') H. CJ :::4 ·1 0 .H L) 1 . :i 5. I] 10 12 ll 1 5.0 12 s. iJ H "12 3.() 3 () 2 u \) J.n 3 0 1() II . lj 2 l ~) 2 2 G.B J . f~ (j . :5 0 •) ~) t.. . () I' . .l Please list so1ne of the thin~JS you like ubout 'livin~J in thL' 1-ar F:ci:;t l.t~\·ll'l!l1CC! Neighborhood. Quiet, peacefu·l Conven·ient locotion to work, schools, clovmtown, parks, Friendly, good neighbors Affordable hous·ing Away fn1111 city and KU Little traffic congestion Nice trees and purks \·!ell established area Feel safe in this area (lov~ cri1ne ratl') c~tc. 77 5'7 GS ·~r­ .) ,} ') ') l ,) l .,•I l ')'- Spacious l o t s Privacy Nice homes & yards Neighborhood has potent-i i:\ l Rural a tn1osphere r;:>t:lliny ::le-falliily atiiJospllcre -, I () ,. '· �Lots of children Variety of neighbors Clean areu in general E. Lawrence center Not -industriJiized or COJJJIIJOr"cialized l 0 . Pl e a s e l i s t s om e of t he t h i ng s you do n ' t l i ke a bout ·1 -j v i nq Lcnvrence Neighborhood. Inconvenient locat-ion (isoluted frOJll cJnploylllcnt centc;·, g;!s stations, grocery stores, etc.) Coop. & its pollution Ho1nes & lcnms in need of repair' & clt:<-1!1 up Children playing in the street Streets in poor condition Concentrat-ion of low incoJne hous-ill~J -in I7 .E.L. No bus 1 ines t1obi 1 e home pat·k No siclev1alks 15th & Prospect dwellings Junk cars parked in yurds F.E.L. ·is not patroned enou~Jh by police Sc\•Jer system ·in need of repair Inadequate snovJ removal Fear of cri111e Lack of contl'ol of lo1v incOJIIe housing youth Inadequate street lighting Speed-ing Loose ani1Hals Nothing Noisy truck traffic Absentee landlords Need facilities for bicycles Not enough good pJrk facilities Houses too close togethel" I 111 p r·o v e d en s i t y o f Ea s t II e i g h t s Sc ho o 1 5 4 4 ,-, -j n tlw Fen· Ea s t iJ ~ ., ,) :J .,,) ') (_ �'·' " 1•\ " ,,_.-··' ... 'f;' ·'·,,' ,-:, _. .. . '\ "1'"· •\.': ··.J � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Brook Creek Neighborhood Association Subject The topic of the resource Brook Creek Neighborhood Association (Lawrence, Kan.) Far East Lawrence Improvement Association (Lawrence, Kan.) Description An account of the resource Bylaws, minutes, newsletters, correspondence, and survey for what is now known as the Brook Creek Neighborhood Association, plus the Far East Lawrence Neighborhood Plan. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Brook Creek Neighborhood Association Far East Lawrence Improvement Association Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available City of Lawrence Brook Creek Neighborhood Association Far East Lawrence Improvement Association Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1981-2000 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Hoch, Tony Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Brook Creek Neighborhood Association Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource BMP Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Brook Creek (Lawrence, Kan.) 1981-2000 Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Far East Lawrence Neighborhood Plan, 1981 Subject The topic of the resource Brook Creek Neighborhood Association (Lawrence, Kan.) Far East Lawrence Improvement Association (Lawrence, Kan.) Description An account of the resource Final plan for the Far East Lawrence neighborhood, published November 1981 and adopted by the Lawrence-Douglas County Planning Commission on May 20, 1981. Approved by the Lawrence City Commission on June 16, 1981. The Far East Lawrence neighborhood later became known as the Brook Creek neighborhood. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Lawrence-Douglas County Planning Office (Lawrence, Kan.) Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Brook Creek Neighborhood Association (Lawrence, Kan.) Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1981 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Hoch, Tony Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Brook Creek Neighborhood Association (Lawrence, Kan.) Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Language A language of the resource eng Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Brook Creek (Lawrence, Kan.) 1981 Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context FarEastLawrenceNeighborhoodPlan_1981_Final.pdf https://s3.amazonaws.com/omeka-lplks/original/de021d59da5e9606951c7ab6681b3c06.pdf c9b6198043a5ba1f30b6b6451dbd65b5 PDF Text Text Tape 23: Interview with Fidel Jimenez, Sr. Interviewer: Helen Krische Date of Interview: 2006 Length of Interview: 43:32 Location of Interview: St. John the Evangelist Catholic Church Transcription Completion Date: November 16, 2020 Transcriptionist: Emily Raymond Helen Krische (Interviewer): …Introduce ourselves, just for the tape purposes. And I’m Helen Krische, and this is Heather Bollier, she’s the technical assistant. And would you like to introduce yourself? Fidel Jimenez (Interviewee): Uh, my name is Fidel Jimenez. HK: Uh-huh. Okay. FJ: Senior. HK: Alrighty. And the – the first question I’m gonna ask you is about your parents. And, um, what their names were, and where they were from. FJ: Well, both of ‘em, they was from Mexico. HK: Mm-hmm. FJ: And, uh, my dad’s name, his name was Louis – Luis, another word – and my mother’s name was Maria. HK: Mm-hmm. And do you know what region of Mexico they were from, or what towns? FJ: Well, my dad, he was from Guanahuato, and I never did know where my mother was from. She never did – and I never did hear her say, I mean… HK: Do you know what time, um, what time period they came to the United States? FJ: Gosh, no. I have no idea. [HK laughs] HK: Do you know, um…what brought them to the United States? FJ: Never did say, I mean, that I know of. Just come on across. HK: Did he get a job with the railroad or anything, or…? FJ: Yeah, he worked, started, he worked at the…for the railroad for a lot of years. HK: Mm-hmm. And how did he end up in Lawrence? �FJ: Uh, well, he was working there in Billtown (nickname for Williamstown) and then there was an opening here, so they gave him a transfer to work here. HK: Mm-hmm. FJ: But I guess, first time that he started working for the railroad was in McFarland, Kansas, for the Rock Island. HK: Mm-hmm. FJ: And then he, I don’t know, wound up there at Billtown on the Union Pacific, and – and that’s where he retired, on the Union Pacific. HK: Okay. Okay. And what, where did you, where did your family live during the time that he was working for the Union Pacific? FJ: There at Billtown, and then we moved to Lawrence. HK: Did the Union Pacific have any kind of special housing that they had for their employees? FJ: Yeah, they used to. HK: What – what type of housing was that? FJ: It was uh, like, uh, these outfit cars that they have now. HK: Mm-hmm. FJ: That, uh, they made into so many rooms and that’s – that’s what you lived in. HK: Okay. FJ: ‘Cause like, you’re Santa Fe, they got, of course they have apartments here, you know. They always had a better living arrangement for their workers and…No, and then we went and moved to Lawrence and, they passed away and I’m still here. HK: And that’s a good thing. FJ: Wait for my turn. [HK laughs] HK: Did your, did your parents speak any English when they came to the United States, or…? FJ: No, I don’t think so. And my dad, he talked pretty good English, you know, that I can remember, and then, uh, my mother, she never did learn too much of it. �HK: Did – did your dad have any other jobs other than working for the railroad, did he have any kind of side jobs that he did, or…? FJ: No, no. HK: No. Did he raise a vegetable garden? FJ: Oh, we used to raise a big garden all the time. HK: Did you? FJ: Oh, yes. HK: Yeah. Did, was that exclusively for the family, or – ? FJ: Yeah. HK: Or did they sell some of that produce to other people? FJ: No, it was just for – for the family. K: Did you have any, uh, livestock, that was, that your dad raised, too? Like chickens and things? Stuff like that? FJ: Chickens. Chickens, turkeys and, uh, goats. [laughs] HK: Oh. Goats. Did you have goat cheese? FJ: No – HK: Did you make any goat cheese? No? FJ: But I sure loved that goat milk. HK: Was it good? FJ: Yeah. Oh, yeah. [HK laughs] HK: Yeah. And, um, so your mom did all the cooking, right? FJ: Mm-hmm. HK: And how many kids were in your family? How many children? FJ: One, two…three…let’s see…four. �HK: There were four children altogether? Which, um, were you the youngest, or were you the oldest, or…? FJ: No, I was, uh…well, the second one, I guess. HK: Second. FJ: Yeah. HK: Did you grow up speaking Spanish, or…? FJ: Both. HK: Both. FJ: Yeah. HK: What schools did you attend? FJ: Pardon? HK: What schools did you attend? FJ: Well, when I did, when I did go, I went to, uh, when I was in Billtown I worked, went there to their grade school, then when I come to Lawrence, I went to junior high. HK: Mm-hmm. FJ: Went in the front door, and walked out the back door. And that was it. HK: You didn’t like it, huh? FJ: Well, I, had my mind on working, I mean… HK: Oh. So you started at a young age, working? FJ: Oh, yeah. Yeah. I was, had little odd jobs and, then uh, I started on the railroad I think when I was about fourteen. HK: Hmm. And was that the Union Pacific also? FJ: Yes. HK: What – what kind of jobs did you do on the Un – when you worked there? �FJ: Well, I done regular section work, and I…went into, uh, they had a foreman job for eight years, and then track patrolman. And truck driver, and…and I worked at that crossing in North Lawrence watching the kids there for ten years, and…oh, just about everything, I mean… HK: Mm-hmm. What were some of your job duties as a section worker? FJ: Oh, laborer? HK: Uh-huh. When you worked on the tracks? FJ: Oh, putting in ties, and – and, uh…raising, uh, raising track and stuff like that, you know, whatever was low, you’d jack it up, push a little rock under it, and… HK: How many men usually worked on the tracks? FJ: On the section? HK: Mm-hmm. FJ: Well, it used to be sometimes that, uh, there’d be as many as ten or twelve. That was back in the good days. HK: Hmm. FJ: And then, one time I had that, uh, Billtown section of road, the roadmaster come by and he says: “Hire some guys,” and we – I think we had eight then. HK: Mm-hmm. FJ: And hired eight more, we had sixteen, you know. HK: Mm-hmm. FJ: They used to have big gangs then…each gang had so many miles to take care of, double track. And, uh…I, we double work it up there pretty good, too. I mean…check – you had to check every day. No, that was the good days. HK: How many, how many hours a day did you work? FJ: When I first started, I was, uh, I was working, uh, ten hours a day, seven days a week. HK: Wow. And that’s hard labor, too. FJ: Yeah. I [seen?] many a day, I could just, I could have walked off, you know. And I’d say, ‘cause if I walk off, these old fellas, they’re gonna say: “He couldn’t take it.” So I’d stay right there. [Both laugh] But you know, 70 hours a week, that’s a lot of hours. �HK: That is, yeah, especially with that type of work. Yeah. How much – was the pay very good? FJ: Uh, we was getting a great big old…73 cents an hour. HK: So, let’s see, for 10 hours of work, that was what…seven dollars and thirty cents a day. FJ: It wasn’t very much. HK: Yeah. [laughs] Yeah. That’d be pretty hard to raise a family on that kind of wages. FJ: Oh, yeah. HK: And, uh, let’s see, you said you were a foreman? FJ: Foreman, yeah. HK: And what were your job duties then? FJ: Just, like, uh, watching the guys, you know, telling ‘em what to do and where to put in ties and mark the ties for ‘em, and…and, uh, put ‘em to gauge track, or, you know. Just made sure you didn’t pull too much track loose, ahead of, in case of a train come up, and you know you had to spike it back down. HK: Mm-hmm. How much warning did you have ahead of time that a train was coming? FJ: Well, that all depends on where you was at, yeah, how many miles you could see in one direction. HK: Oh. ‘Course they didn’t have any walkie-talkies or anything like that. FJ: Oh, no, no. No, ma’am. HK: So it was just what you could see. FJ: You just, you just had to, uh, listen for a whistle, you know. HK: Mm-hmm. FJ: ‘Course then they went, uh, they – and they put these, uh, indicators up. [Coughs] Excuse me. They’d go back so many miles, and if you was doing something that you need to, needed to, some time to, you know, to repair the track before a train showed up, you could put a man on the indicator and whenever that thing would mark some – something was coming, well, he’d wave at you or holler at you if you was close enough, and then just straighten things up till it went by, and then watch it again. �HK: Yeah. Did you see any train wrecks during your time, working? FJ: Did I what? HK: Did you see any train wrecks? FJ: I seen a lot of ‘em. HK: Yeah. What were those like? FJ: [Coughs] Well, it was terrible. Well, the worst one, well, I don’t know. I seen one…it was, uh, what was it, this side of Manhattan somewhere. I don’t remember what town it was, but, whether it was, between towns, I mean, uh…a freight train hit a passenger train and – HK: Oooh. FJ: Head-on. HK: Oh, my gosh. FJ: And, uh…then, I seen a lot of ‘em, but another bad one was up here this side of Lawrence. This side of Edwardsville, when a train hit that, uh…they had a dump truck, loaded with sand. HK: Hmm. FJ: The couple had just…just hadn’t been married very long, each one of ‘em I think had, I forgot, five or…six kids. And, uh, that was their first trip across the tracks with a load of sand. And they pulled out right in front of a train. And it was, it was bad, I mean…It, uh, and they couldn’t find them. HK: Hmm. FJ: But the first unit, when – when they jumped the track, the first unit went in the ground, it was about…half, half-buried. Then the second unit. Uh, the…unit number two was about, oh, third, I guess. And then the third unit wasn’t buried quite as much, uh, you know. Then, uh, when they started clearing up all of the cars and everything…they finally found the – the couple that was underneath one of them cars and…it was, it was bad. I think that’s about the worst one that I was ever around, you know, people, where they got…well, got killed. HK: Mm-hmm. FJ: But no, I seen a lot of ‘em. Yeah, I seen a lot of ‘em. HK: Did you ever, um, was there any time when there was, like, a flood or something like that, that happened, and…? �FJ: Oh, yeah, in ‘51. HK: Yeah. You were, you were working on the railroad when the ‘51 flood hit? FJ: Oh, yeah. HK: What happened to the – the railroad, I mean, the tracks then? What kind of a mess was that? FJ: We…it was me and four other guys, we was going out to Lawrence working, and we was working the Billtown. And, uh…the, uh…water was real high. We was going to, about, Tee Pee Junction and…water was pretty near, coming – pretty near ready to come in the automobile ‘cause it was my turn to, you know, my turn to drive. HK: Uh-huh. FJ: So…and it was really high. I mean, we got through there, and we got up to Billtown and it was, it had been raining real hard and the highway was flooded this side of Billtown between Billtown and [Bow?] Creek. HK: Uh-huh. FJ: And we finally got into Billtown, and, uh…they, uh, when we got up by the tracks, they said that the levee had busted the [road?] over here at Tee Pee Junction. HK: Oh. FJ: And, it, the way I kinda figured out, it must have been just – just shortly after we went through there, I mean. And then we couldn’t get home. We was up – we had to stay up there and, and the last, that last day that we was up there, I think I made their day with a can of pineapple, ‘cause the farmers all come in there and had that one little old grocery store, and they just stocked up on canned goods and whatever was in the store, you know, and the old man, they sent us into Oskaloosa, and there’s some nice folks up there in Oskaloosa, they gave us all a place to live. HK: Uh-huh. FJ: Next morning, when we got up…uh, we were, all five of us got back together, uh, till we figured out we was gonna have to try to get back to Lawrence. So we left, uh, we come back into Billtown and told that foreman we was working for, I said: “Well, we’re gonna try to get home.” He said: “Okay.” So, we went, we went to, uh, Oskaloosa again. And then we went to McClellan, we hit Tonganoxie, and then turned into Kansas City. And, uh, it took us, uh, well, it took us all day to get to Lawrence. ‘Cause then when we hit Kansas City we got caught on that Interstate, inner city Viaduct, that’s about the time the, all the high water was just barely getting into Kansas City. And there was, we stood on that [bypass?], we look down and all them boxcars just, all the things, see ‘em just come up, turn over and all that water was gettin’ in there, and…And, no, finally we got through Kansas City and we come in, wound up at Baldwin �Junction. And then from Baldwin Junction we had to go on, I, what…56, I think, end at Topeka and then come in on Highway 40 and we finally made it home that evening. Took us all day to get home. HK: Geez. FJ: Yeah, that was a pretty good flood. But after that, we could, uh, walk…in, uh, down the railroad tracks and, and uh, well, we could…lot of the, some of the fellas would just straddle the rails, you know, kind of pulling themselves across the deep holes and I’d – we’d all – a couple of us, we’d walk down to the bottom, you know. And meet the rest of the guys over there and work. And then the same thing we do in the evening, come back through there, you know. Walk back into town. And they fixed it so we could just work out of Lawrence here, you know. HK: Uh-huh. FJ: Yeah, they cleared the roads up. So we just stayed in Lawrence for, I don’t know, a couple of weeks before they cleared the roads and worked on one of these gangs here in Lawrence. HK: How long did it take the railroad to fix the tracks? FJ: Oh, gosh. HK: From that? FJ: It – well, to me it didn’t – didn’t seem like it took too long, ‘cause they, uh, they had, oh, they had gangs, oh, my. They had men working. Yeah, and they had a lot of men working up here too. Just, uh, east of Lawrence the place we call the Shoo-Fly that, where the river washed out that great big hole underneath the tracks. HK: Hmm. FJ: And they had to, uh, drill the railroad around the, the, the farmers’ fields, uh, you know, to – once it started trains running. And they had, uh, work train there that, uh…they uh, had, uh, well I don’t know how many cars it was, quite a few cars, of ballast and big rock riff raff they call it, and great big boulders and…and they had an en – they got an engine in there and they went out so far, and then, and, uh…took the rails apart and headed right into that hole. And the engine got wound up and took and pushed all them cars, and then cut loose, and all them cars, they’re – they’re probably still down there in that big hole there, you know. [HK laughs] Then they had a big, uh, sand pump that they’d pump sand out of the river and fill the rest of it up with sand. Yeah, it’s, uh, it was quite a deal. HK: Did they start using any kind of, um, other machinery to lay tracks while you were still working for the railroad, or was it just basically manual labor? FJ: Oh, yeah, they had a lot of machines, yeah. Yeah, they, uh…it used to be that we – we’d have gangs, but, uh, they do every – all the surfaces by hand. And then they got, well, they got �machinery and they had these, uh, trackers. They worked pretty good, but they’d only raise the track where, you know, high enough. [Blasters? Glasses?] they’d call ‘em, they do the tamping and…one of ‘em’s got, they use – they used one as a jack and he’s the one that, he’d lead the pack and all the rest of ‘em followed behind and pick up the track a little more and they’d tamp it, and, you know, and they got machines to do the lining anymore. HK: Mm-hmm. FJ: Oh, yeah, it’s…it’s really, it’s…they’ve come a long way out there, them guys. ‘Course they don’t hardly have nobody working, but… HK: Yeah. So…what was, um, going back to – I’m gonna shut this door. Lot of noise, traffic noise coming in. [Door shuts] Um…what was it like for you growing up, um…did you…I don’t know, did you…did you feel any prejudice growing up? From other people? FJ: Well, not really. I mean, there was only one place in North Lawrence that, uh, that, uh, I’d drive over there in my car and they wouldn’t sell me no root beer. HK: Oh. [Both laugh] That would have been a tragedy. FJ: Yeah. Well, they – they, they wouldn’t serve a Mexican over there. HK: Huh. FJ: No way. And I don’t know why, I mean… HK: Huh. FJ: That’s what I tell everybody, you know, now they’re eating our tortillas and tostadas, enchiladas, and… HK: Yeah. FJ: That’s what’s funny, I think, you know. Back in them years you couldn’t even get a root beer over there and now they’re eating all the tacos and… HK: Yeah. FJ: Tortillas and…refried beans. HK: Yeah. What kind of meals did your mother used to fix for the family? FJ: Food? HK: Mm-hmm. �FJ: Oh. HK: What would be a typical meal? FJ: Every day? HK: Mm-hmm. FJ: Oh, you could have, uh, fried potatoes with eggs and, uh, and then, uh, you have, uh, refried beans and, uh…and other times if you wanted some, you could just eat the beans right out of the, the skillet. HK: Mm-hmm. FJ: And, uh, then you chop up onion, chop up a hot pepper. And then go out and pick a bunch of that, uh, cilantro. HK: Mm-hmm. FJ: Put it in there, oh, get a couple hot tortillas, just roll them like that, like a cigar, you know, and eat away. Oh yeah. HK: That sounds good. Yeah. FJ: Chicken. Fried chicken. HK: Yeah. FJ: It’s – it’s pretty good. HK: Did you have meat every single day? FJ: Pardon? HK: Did you have meat every day, you know… FJ: Oh no, uh-uh. No. HK: About how many times a week did you have meat? FJ: Oh, couple of times. HK: Couple of times. Yeah. FJ: Sunday was always for sure. �HK: Mm-hmm. Was that chicken day? FJ: Mm-hmm. HK: Fried chicken? FJ: Oh. [HK laughs] I like the chicken breast, chicken legs, chicken thighs. Uh…nibble on a wing or so…I’d rather have the ones that got more meat on them. [Both laugh] HK: Good stuff. Yeah. Did she make any kind of special desserts? FJ: No, just always had pies, cakes, all the time. No, that was the good old days. HK: Yeah. Yeah. What kind of, uh, did you have any healthcare growing up? FJ: Any what? HK: Healthcare? The doctors? Did you – FJ: Doctors? HK: Did you go see the doctors regularly, or – ? FJ: Oh, not very often. HK: Like today, they have health checkups for kids and stuff like that. FJ: Oh, no, not very often. Back in them days, you ate pretty healthy. Ate good and stayed healthy. HK: Well, what would happen if someone became ill? FJ: Oh, you’d take ‘em to the doctor. HK: Okay. FJ: But, uh…I never remember being sick. HK: Yeah? Did your mom have any special home remedies, like if you had an earache or something like that? FJ: Oh, yeah. Oh, yeah. Mm-hmm. The older people had all these, they had some kind of stuff that’d cure you. HK: Uh-huh. Do you remember any, any that she did for you, or any of your brothers or sisters when you were growing up? �FJ: Uh-uh. HK: Like if you had an earache, what would she do for that? FJ: Well…I don’t think I ever had an earache. [HK laughs] HK: You were just too healthy. FJ: No, I don’t believe I ever had an earache. HK: What about a cold? If somebody had a cold, was there anything special that she gave you for that? FJ: Well, I think that…if I remember right, all that we used to take was the 4-way cold tablets. HK: Oh, okay. FJ: Either that or it just wore off, you know… HK: Um – FJ: People didn’t get sick back in them days like they do anymore, you know. HK: Yeah. Yeah. What year were you born? FJ: Pardon? HK: What year were you born? FJ: Well, let’s see, I could tell you, say, like, what, uh, ‘57? [HK laughs] Oh, no, ‘29. HK: 1929. FJ: Yeah. HK: Okay. When did you, uh, get married? FJ: When? HK: Uh-huh. FJ: Forty-sev…let’s see…forty-eight. HK: ‘48? �FJ: Yeah, I think it was in ‘48. HK: Where did you meet your wife? FJ: Where? HK: Uh-huh. FJ: Uh, here in Lawrence. HK: In Lawrence? FJ: Yeah. HK: Yeah. So you didn’t have to go outside of Lawrence to find – FJ: No, no. HK: To find a wife. FJ: No. HK: I know there were a – a lot of people that I talked to, that they had to go to Topeka or Kansas City because they were re – they were related to all of the other [HK laughs] people. FJ: Well, maybe that’s the reason I was lucky, ‘cause I didn’t have no relations. HK: Yeah. Since you were from Billtown, you were… [Laughs] Did you serve in the, in the, uh, were you – did you enlist in the service? At any time, did you serve in the Army, or…? FJ: No, ‘cause second war I’d been married too long, so… HK: Oh, okay. FJ: But I was what you call right at the mouth of the gun and all that. Kept being called but, uh, never did, so… HK: Did any of your relatives serve in the armed forces? FJ: Well, wife’s brothers, they did, yeah. HK: Mm-hmm. Yeah. Well, you, um, I guess you were a child during the Depression, right? FJ: Yeah. �HK: You were a child. Did your family have, um, did they have it any harder during the Depression than at other times? FJ: Well…I don’t really remember. I mean, I know that [clears throat] I can remember that, uh, there used to be a lot of people walking, you know, down the track and stuff. And a lot of ‘em would ride the, uh, boxcars on the railroad, you know. HK: Mm-hmm. FJ: Lot of ‘em would stop by and they, uh, always want, you know, ask for a handout. HK: Mm-hmm. FJ: ‘Course, my mother, she’d always fix ‘em up a plate of whatever she had. Stack of tortillas, and…and, they were just tickled to death, you know. She’d feed ‘em till they got full. And then, most of them fellas, they, you know, they showed their appreciation. They’d get out there and chop up big old piles of wood, you know, and… HK: Mm-hmm. FJ: And sometimes she’d tell me to go out there and tell ‘em, you know: “That’s enough!” So, you know, they’d…some of ‘em would quit and then some of ‘em would just chop some more, you know? HK: Mm-hmm. FJ: So I mean, they just picked up their little jacket or whatever they had and little towel or just whatever and take off up the track. So no, I don’t – I don’t know, we didn’t have a lot of, lot of different things either, but we did have enough to eat, you know. Always, uh, had plenty, I mean, and like I say, you know, they used to share quite a bit with the people that used to come by. HK: Mm-hmm. Well, after you – after you married your wife, where did you live here in Lawrence? FJ: Uh…on New Jersey Street. HK: New Jersey? FJ: Yeah. HK: Have you – do you still live there or do you live somewhere else? FJ: No, I, uh…when we went there we went on, uh…what’s the name, Garfield Street and then…and then over, sold that house, and she wanted to move across the street to the little house that was there. Boy, I told her, you know, those houses, you had to put a lot of money in it, and a �lot of work, which we did, and she wanted that darn little house, you know? We finally got it all fixed up and moved in, and… HK: Yeah. That was in North Lawrence? FJ: No, on Garfield. It’s over here, East Lawrence. HK: Hmm. FJ: It’s off of 13th Street. HK: Okay. So did you live around that area during, um, during all of the – the stuff going on, during the early ‘70s? When they had all those, those, um, problems with shootings and stuff? FJ: Yeah. HK: Did you live over in that area? FJ: Yeah. HK: What was it like at that time? FJ: I don’t…I didn’t see nothing ever going on around there. HK: Nothing going on. FJ: [If there was?] something going on, I never did see nothin’. [HK laughs] HK: Yeah, there were some – some people that I talked to who lived around, uh, New Jersey and Pennsylvania Streets, said that they, you know, there were people who were shooting guns and stuff like that. And, uh, I just didn’t know if you had experienced anything like that. ‘Course, maybe you were a little bit further, um, south of where that was going on. FJ: No… HK: How many children did you and your wife have? FJ: One. One son. HK: One? Okay. Does he still live here in Lawrence? FJ: Yeah, he lives, uh, well, you can say he lives out in the country, but the city’s pretty right across the street from him now. HK: Ah. �FJ: He lives just that side of the bypass, and most of the town is right next to the bypass over there. Right off Highway 40. HK: Uh-huh. Yeah. Does he speak Spanish? At all? FJ: Well…he was learning pretty good when, uh, he was home, but then he forgot everything he – he knew. Well, he can…you can kind of understand what he says sometimes, you know, and, but he can speak a little bit, but not – not like he used to when he was younger. HK: Does he understand it, though, when somebody else speaks it? FJ: Yeah. Mm-hmm. HK: He can understand it really good? Okay. How do you think that, um, times have changed from when you were a kid to today? Do you think that there, there’s a lot more opportunities for kids today, or…? FJ: Oh, yeah. Yeah. Nowadays there is, uh-huh… HK: What do you think about the, uh, immigration thing going on right now? All of the controversy? FJ: Well, I just think about what – what, uh, if we send all them people back, in two or three weeks we wouldn’t have any strawberries, we wouldn’t have no onions and…wouldn’t have none of them vegetables to eat. HK: Mm-hmm. FJ: ‘Cause people, I don’t know. In this country I don’t think they go for that kind of work, you know? ‘Cause I used to see that on the railroad, that, uh, we’d always send our truck driver into Kansas City when they was short on help on them gangs. They’d come back with a bunch of guys, they’d unload ‘em. By next morning, half of ‘em would be gone back to Kansas City. They didn’t wanna work. Lot of ‘em would work one day, and then draw their pay and gone. They didn’t care about working on the railroad. HK: So you’re talking about the Anglo workers? FJ: Yeah. So I don’t, I don’t know, it’s…them people, all they’re doing is coming over here wanting to work, you know, make – trying to make a living, and…what I can’t understand is that they bring these people from other countries over here and set ‘em up homes and jobs and…I mean divorce, you get in-laws and outlaws and everybody you know, whatever. HK: Yeah. FJ: And…but uh, no, I don’t know. I – I don’t think them people doing any harm. Just trying to make a living. �HK: Mm-hmm. Going back to when your dad worked on the railroad, did he, um, did your parents help, um, any of the new people that were coming up from Mexico to get established here in the United States? FJ: Did they what? HK: If there were, um, new people coming in from Mexico to work for the railroads or whatever, did, did your parents help them get established here? FJ: Oh, there never was nobody would – stop there in Billtown, it was – it was just this little bitty town, I mean. But most of them people that come over, they’d go to, like, Topeka or Kansas City, some bigger towns, you know. No, this was just what you call a wide gap in the road. HK: Okay. FJ: There wasn’t really much there that would interest anybody. HK: Mm-hmm. Okay. Well, can you think of anything else that you want to talk about, or…? FJ: No. HK: No? Okay. Well, I guess, I can’t think of anything else either. So, um, hopefully you’ll be able to come when everybody else gets together and…because they’re, they’re gonna kind of talk about, um, earlier days and… FJ: The good old days. HK: The good old days, yeah. [FJ laughs] Yeah. Well, okay. Well, thank you very much for – FJ: Oh, you’re welcome. HK: And, let me stop – [tape cuts off at 35:33] END OF TAPE 23 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource La Yarda Oral History Project Subject The topic of the resource La Yarda (Lawrence, Kan.) Mexican Americans -- Housing -- Kansas -- Lawrence Mexican Americans -- History -- Kansas -- Lawrence Mexican Americans -- Social conditions -- Kansas -- Lawrence Description An account of the resource La Yarda was a neighborhood of worker housing provided by the Santa Fe Railroad for Mexican-American railroad workers in Lawrence, Kansas; located near the Kansas (Kaw) River, the neighborhood was largely destroyed by a major flood in 1951. In 2006, Helen Krische, archivist at the Watkins Community Museum, began an oral history project to document the La Yarda and Mexican-American communities in Lawrence, Kansas. The project was resumed in 2019 by Nora Murphy and Emily Raymond. The interviews primarily feature the children of the railroad workers who migrated to Lawrence in the early 20th century; they describe daily life, social activities, and living conditions in the Mexican-American community in Lawrence from roughly the 1920s through the 1970s. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived La Yarda Oral History Project Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Watkins Community Museum (Lawrence, Kan.) Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2006 2019 2021 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource These works are the intellectual property of the Watkins Museum of History, Lawrence, Kansas. The public may freely copy, modify, and share this Item for noncommercial purposes if they include the original source information. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s). Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Interviewer The person(s) performing the interview Krische, Helen Raymond, Emily Bollier, Heather Interviewee The person(s) being interviewed Jimenez, Fidel, Sr. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data MP4 Duration Length of time involved (seconds, minutes, hours, days, class periods, etc.) 00:54:58 (video) 00:43:32 (audio) Bit Rate/Frequency Rate at which bits are transferred (i.e. 96 kbit/s would be FM quality audio) 86 kbps 5042 kbps Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Fidel Jimenez, Sr., La Yarda Interview Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Jimenez, Fidel, Sr. Description An account of the resource Fidel Jimenez, Sr., was interviewed by Helen Krische in 2006 as part of an oral history project to document the La Yarda and Mexican-American communities in Lawrence, Kansas. La Yarda was a neighborhood of worker housing provided by the Santa Fe Railroad for Mexican-American railroad workers; located near the Kansas (Kaw) River, the neighborhood was largely destroyed by a major flood in 1951. Fidel grew up in Williamstown (in Jefferson County, Kansas) and Lawrence. Fidel describes his family's migration from Mexico to Lawrence. His father was a railroad worker; Fidel also worked on the railroad, and describes the impact of the 1951 flood on the railroad. Fidel shares memories of his family's foodways, and his childhood experiences with healthcare. He also discusses his thoughts about immigration, and his experiences of discrimination in Lawrence. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Krische, Helen Raymond, Emily Bollier, Heather Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Lawrence (Kan.) 1920s - 1970s Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2006 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource MP4 (video recording) MP3 (audio recording) PDF (transcription) Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context 23-FJimenezSr-2006.mp4 (video) 23-FJimenezSr-2006.mp3 (audio) 23-FJimenezSr-2006.pdf (transcription) Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Watkins Community Museum (Lawrence, Kan.) Relation A related resource To access the video and audio recordings of this interview, go to <a href="https://archive.org/details/23-fjimenez-sr-2006">https://archive.org/details/23-fjimenez-sr-2006</a>. The <a href="https://www.watkinsmuseum.org/">Watkins Museum of History</a> also holds items related to this collection. <a href="https://archives.lib.ku.edu/repositories/3/resources/5295">Additional research on the La Yarda community</a> is held at the Spencer Research Library at the University of Kansas. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Published with the permission of Fidel Jimenez, Jr., on behalf of Fidel Jimenez, Sr. This work is the intellectual property of the Watkins Museum of History, Lawrence, Kansas. The public may freely copy, modify, and share this Item for noncommercial purposes if they include the original source information. For other uses you need to obtain permission from the rights-holder(s). Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived La Yarda Oral History Project Subject The topic of the resource La Yarda (Lawrence, Kan.) Mexican Americans -- Housing -- Kansas -- Lawrence Mexican Americans -- History -- Kansas -- Lawrence Mexican Americans -- Social conditions -- Kansas -- Lawrence Type The nature or genre of the resource Oral History https://s3.amazonaws.com/omeka-lplks/original/153847b8da64561fb9cdddf18d8d7fca.pdf 9659003cd7ced6a7d82838919ff4202c PDF Text Text ��������� Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource History of the Lawrence Public Library Subject The topic of the resource Libraries -- Kansas -- Douglas County Lawrence Public Library (Lawrence, Kan.) History -- Kansas Biography -- Kansas Description An account of the resource Resources related to the history of the Lawrence Public Library in Lawrence, Kansas. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Lawrence Public Library (Lawrence, Kan.) Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Fifth Annual Report of the Lawrence Free Public Library for the Year Ending December 31, 1909. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Lawrence Free Public Library (Lawrence, Kan.) Description An account of the resource Annual report of Lawrence Public Free Library for the year 1909 naming members of the board and staff. The document contains financial information and accessions for the year. Treasurer and librarian reports are included. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Beatty, Nellie G. Bumgardner, Edward Bromelsick, W. Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant 1909 Lawrence (Kan.) Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1910-02-01 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context LPLAnnualReport1909 Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available The Gazette Co. (Lawrence, Kan.) Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource We believe that this item has no known US copyright restrictions. The item may be subject to rights of privacy, rights of publicity and other restrictions. We encourage anyone who may have more information about our items to contact us at custserv@lawrencepubliclibrary.org. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Annual Report of the Lawrence Free Public Library 1905-1915 Subject The topic of the resource Libraries -- Kansas -- Douglas County. Type The nature or genre of the resource Text https://s3.amazonaws.com/omeka-lplks/original/2f588fe2a2fc3cbfde7ae0c951a8596b.jpg f25873d3831e81315233c642a7cb3fa5 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource History of the Lawrence Public Library Subject The topic of the resource Libraries -- Kansas -- Douglas County Lawrence Public Library (Lawrence, Kan.) History -- Kansas Biography -- Kansas Description An account of the resource Resources related to the history of the Lawrence Public Library in Lawrence, Kansas. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Lawrence Public Library (Lawrence, Kan.) Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Financial Committee Report, 1905 Subject The topic of the resource Libraries -- Kansas -- Douglas County Lawrence Public Library (Lawrence, Kan.) Description An account of the resource A letter from the finance committee of the Lawrence Public Library stating that the financial statement on the 1905 Annual Report is correct by their calculations Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Griggs, J.R. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Lawrence Public Library Historical Records Lawrence Public Library (Lawrence, Kan.) Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Lawrence Public Library (Lawrence, Kan.) Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1905-03-19 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource We believe that this item has no known US copyright restrictions. The item may be subject to rights of privacy, rights of publicity and other restrictions. We encourage anyone who may have more information about our items to contact us at custserv@lawrencepubliclibrary.org. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource TIFF Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context LPL_FinancialCommitteeReport_1905 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Douglas County (Kan.) 1905 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Kansas Veterans of World War II Oral History Project / Lawrence Remembers the World War II Years Project Subject The topic of the resource Douglas County (Kan.) World War, 1939-1945. Veterans. Lawrence Public Library (Lawrence, Kan.) Language A language of the resource English Description An account of the resource In 2003, the Lawrence Public Library partnered with the Dole Institute of Politics and Haskell University to capture the histories of Douglas County’s World War II veterans in the Lawrence Remembers the World War II Years Project. From 2005 to 2007, the Lawrence Public Library, the Watkins Museum of History, and the Kansas State Historical Society also embarked on a similar endeavor, the Kansas Veterans of World War II Oral History Project, which was funded by the Kansas State Legislature. This collection contains many of the video recordings and more information about the interviews conducted for these projects. Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Interviewer The person(s) performing the interview Johnston, Pattie Interviewee The person(s) being interviewed Findlay Location The location of the interview Douglas County (Kan.) Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data VHS Duration Length of time involved (seconds, minutes, hours, days, class periods, etc.) 0:11:24 Bit Rate/Frequency Rate at which bits are transferred (i.e. 96 kbit/s would be FM quality audio) 317 kbit/s (audio) 8880 kbit/s (audio) Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Findlay World War II Interview Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Findlay, unknown Description An account of the resource In this interview, Pattie Johnston talked with Mr. Findlay (first name unknown), as part of the Lawrence Remembers: The World War II Years Project. Findlay was born in Illinois in 1932. He was nine years old when the Japanese bombed Pearl Harbor. Findlay begins talking about life during the war but the video cuts off. Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Johnston, Pattie Kansas State Historical Society Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Illinois 1941 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource unknown Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource MP4 Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Findlay, WWII Interview Language A language of the resource eng Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Lawrence Public Library (Lawrence, Kan.) Relation A related resource To access the video recording of this oral history, go to: <a href="https://archive.org/details/findlay-wwii-interview">https://archive.org/details/findlay-wwii-interview</a> The Watkins Museum of History also holds items related to this collection. Other resources for interviews with World War II veterans are available through the Library of Congress' Veterans History Project: <a href="https://www.loc.gov/vets/vets-home.html">https://www.loc.gov/vets/vets-home.htm</a> Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource The original copy of this video is available through the Lawrence Public Library. The Watkins Museum of History and the Kansas State Historical Society may also have interviews associated with this project. Researchers are responsible for obtaining any necessary permissions for uses other than educational or scholarly research. Contact the Watkins Museum of History for additional information. <a href="https://www.watkinsmuseum.org/">https://www.watkinsmuseum.org/</a> Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Kansas Veterans of World War II Oral History Project / Lawrence Remembers: The World War II Years Project Subject The topic of the resource World War, 1939-1945 -- United States. Type The nature or genre of the resource Oral History https://s3.amazonaws.com/omeka-lplks/original/6cedff6ce89c70036db227a0198dbb4c.pdf 4113fe0cc3f14bed86c7dc0c06cef0da PDF Text Text The Daily Kansas Tribune (Lawrence, Kansas) · Sun, Jun 24, 1866 · Page 3 https://kansashistoricalsociety.newspapers.com/image/59924727 Copyright © 2017 Newspapers.com. All Rights Reserved. Downloaded on Jun 5, 2017 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource History of the Lawrence Public Library Subject The topic of the resource Libraries -- Kansas -- Douglas County Lawrence Public Library (Lawrence, Kan.) History -- Kansas Biography -- Kansas Description An account of the resource Resources related to the history of the Lawrence Public Library in Lawrence, Kansas. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Lawrence Public Library (Lawrence, Kan.) Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource First Annual Report of the Lawrence Library Association, 1866 Subject The topic of the resource Libraries -- Kansas -- Douglas County Lawrence Public Library (Lawrence, Kan.) Description An account of the resource The annual report, published in the Daily Kansas Tribune, of the first year of the Lawrence Library Association. The report recounts how the association was formed, its arrangments to puchase J.S. Boughton's library collection, and the advances that have been made since. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Haskell, D.C. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Newspapers.com Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available The Daily Kansas Tribune (Lawrence, Kan.) Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1866-6-24 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Lawrence Library Association Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource We believe that this item has no known US copyright restrictions. The item may be subject to rights of privacy, rights of publicity and other restrictions. We encourage anyone who may have more information about our items to contact us at custserv@lawrencepubliclibrary.org. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DKT_FirstLLAAnnualReport_1866-06-24_p.3 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Douglas County (Kan.) 1866 https://s3.amazonaws.com/omeka-lplks/original/59184489ef7b197031dec1ca118c7fa1.pdf 0b6b9a25ca1fc31d97e4205a1735956d PDF Text Text The Daily Kansas Tribune (Lawrence, Kansas) · Thu, Mar 8, 1866 · Page 3 https://kansashistoricalsociety.newspapers.com/image/59924376 Copyright © 2017 Newspapers.com. All Rights Reserved. Downloaded on Jun 5, 2017 � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource History of the Lawrence Public Library Subject The topic of the resource Libraries -- Kansas -- Douglas County Lawrence Public Library (Lawrence, Kan.) History -- Kansas Biography -- Kansas Description An account of the resource Resources related to the history of the Lawrence Public Library in Lawrence, Kansas. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Lawrence Public Library (Lawrence, Kan.) Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource First Meeting of the Lawrence Library Association, 1866 Subject The topic of the resource Libraries -- Kansas -- Douglas County Lawrence Public Library (Lawrence, Kan.) Description An account of the resource A short newspaper article reccounting the details of the first meeting of the Lawrence Library Association and the temporary appointment of officers. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Brown, J.S. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Newspapers.com Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available The Daily Kansas Tribune (Lawrence, Kan.) Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1866-03-08 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Boughton, J.S. (Joseph), 1835-1906 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource We believe that this item has no known US copyright restrictions. The item may be subject to rights of privacy, rights of publicity and other restrictions. We encourage anyone who may have more information about our items to contact us at custserv@lawrencepubliclibrary.org. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context DKT_FirstLLAMeeting_1866-03-08_p.3 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Douglas County (Kan.) 1866 https://s3.amazonaws.com/omeka-lplks/original/3af44c4f90777517d174afbd908637c4.TIF 0aa79aa57a72acb279fc925e03b4a116 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource History of the Lawrence Public Library Subject The topic of the resource Libraries -- Kansas -- Douglas County Lawrence Public Library (Lawrence, Kan.) History -- Kansas Biography -- Kansas Description An account of the resource Resources related to the history of the Lawrence Public Library in Lawrence, Kansas. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Lawrence Public Library (Lawrence, Kan.) Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Floorplan of Basement Addition to New Building, 1990 Subject The topic of the resource Libraries -- Kansas -- Douglas County Lawrence Public Library (Lawrence, Kan.) Description An account of the resource A floorplan of the proposed basement added to the Lawrence Public Library building in 1991. This basement would house the reading room, typing room, genealogy room and additional storage. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource John Lee & Associates (Lawrence, Kan.) Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Lawrence Public Library Historical Records Lawrence Public Library (Lawrence, Kan.) Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Lawrence Public Library (Lawrence, Kan.) Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1990-07-02- Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Lawrence Public Library (Lawrence, Kan.) Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource We believe that this item has no known US copyright restrictions. The item may be subject to rights of privacy, rights of publicity and other restrictions. We encourage anyone who may have more information about our items to contact us at custserv@lawrencepubliclibrary.org. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource TIFF Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource Still Image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context LPL_BasementPlan_1990-07-02 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Douglas County (Kan.) 1990 https://s3.amazonaws.com/omeka-lplks/original/47041569f6734c069c91bc58292a0cff.pdf 87ecf9a5b5602203fd696e730240609b PDF Text Text � Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource History of the Lawrence Public Library Subject The topic of the resource Libraries -- Kansas -- Douglas County Lawrence Public Library (Lawrence, Kan.) History -- Kansas Biography -- Kansas Description An account of the resource Resources related to the history of the Lawrence Public Library in Lawrence, Kansas. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Lawrence Public Library (Lawrence, Kan.) Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Floorplan of Renovated Library, 2014 Subject The topic of the resource Libraries -- Kansas -- Douglas County Lawrence Public Library (Lawrence, Kan.) Description An account of the resource A two page spread showing the layout of the Lawrence Public Library after its 2014 renovation. It shows the different areas of the library, including adult fiction, media, teen zone, children's corner, computer lab, local history, etc. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Lawrence Public Library (Lawrence, Kan) Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Lawrence Public Library 2014 Commemorative Edition Lawrence Public Library Historical Records Lawrence Public Library (Lawrence, Kan.) Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Sunflower Publishing Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2014-07-26- Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource This work is the intellectual property of the Lawrence Public Library, Lawrence, Kansas. Permission is granted for this material to be shared for non-commercial, educational purposes, provided that this copyright statement appears on the reproduced materials and notice is given that the copying is by permission of the author. To disseminate otherwise or to republish requires written permission from the author. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Language A language of the resource eng Type The nature or genre of the resource Still Image Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context LPL_Floorplan_CommemorativeEdition_2014-07-26 Coverage The spatial or temporal topic of the resource, the spatial applicability of the resource, or the jurisdiction under which the resource is relevant Douglas County (Kan.) 2014